Albert Rossel |

Albert Rossel

Tlaleho ea bophelo ba A. Roussel, e mong oa baqapi ba tummeng ba Mafora ba halofo ea pele ea lekholo la bo25 la lilemo, ha e tloaelehe. O qetile lilemo tsa hae tsa bocha a tsamaea ka sekepe Leoatleng la Indian le Pacific, joaloka N. Rimsky-Korsakov, o ile a etela linaha tse sa tloaelehang. Ofisiri ea sesole sa metsing Roussel o ne a sa nahane le ka 'mino e le mosebetsi oa boipheliso. Ke feela ha a le lilemo li 1894 moo a ileng a etsa qeto ea ho inehela ka ho feletseng 'mino. Ka mor’a nako ea ho qea-qea le lipelaelo, Roussel o kōpa ho itokolla mosebetsing ’me o lula torotsoaneng ea Roubaix. Mona o qala litlelase tumellanong le motsamaisi oa sekolo sa moo sa 'mino. Ho tloha ka la 4 Mphalane Roussel o lula Paris, moo a nkang lithuto tsa ho qapa ho E. Gigot. Ka mor'a lilemo tsa 1902, o ile a kena ka har'a Schola cantorum sehlopheng sa moqapi oa V. d'Andy, moo a seng a ntse a le XNUMX a neng a memeloa mosebetsing oa moprofesa oa counterpoint. Ha a le moo o ile a ruta ho fihlela ha Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše e qhoma. Sehlopha sa Roussel se e-ba le baqapi bao hamorao ba ileng ba nka sebaka se hlahelletseng setsong sa ’mino sa Fora, E. Satie, E. Varèse, P. Le Flem, A. Roland-Manuel.

Lipina tsa pele tsa Roussel, tse entsoeng tlas'a tataiso ea hae ka 1898. 'me a fumana khau tlhōlisanong ea Mokhatlo oa Baqapi, ha e e-s'o pholohe. Ka 1903, mosebetsi oa symphonic "Tsoho", o bululetsoeng ke buka ea L. Tolstoy, o ile oa etsoa kopanong ea National Musical Society (A. Corto e ile ea etsoa). Le pele ho ketsahalo ena, lebitso la Roussel le tsebahala ka lipina tsa 'mino ka lebaka la kamore ea hae le lipina tsa mantsoe (Trio bakeng sa piano, violin le cello, lithothokiso tse' nè tsa lentsoe le piano litemaneng tsa A. Renier, "The Hours Pass" bakeng sa piano).

Khahleho ea Bochabela e etsa hore Roussel a boele a nke leeto le leholo ho ea India, Cambodia le Ceylon. Moqapi o boetse o khahloa ke litempele tse hlollang, o ea litšoantšiso tsa lipapali tsa moriti, o mamela 'mino oa liletsa oa gamelan. Lithako tsa motse oa boholo-holo oa India oa Chittor, moo Padmavati e kileng ea busa teng, li mo khahla haholo. Bochabela, eo bonono ba hae ba 'mino Roussel a ileng a tloaelana le bona bocheng ba hae, o ile a ntlafatsa puo ea hae ea' mino haholo. Mesebetsing ea lilemong tsa pele, moqapi o sebelisa litšobotsi tsa 'mino oa Maindia, Cambodia, Indonesia. Litšoantšo tsa Bochabela li hlahisoa ka ho hlaka ho opera-ballet Padmavati, e bapalitsoeng ho Grand Opera (1923) 'me e atlehile haholo. Hamorao, lilemong tsa bo-30. Roussel ke e mong oa ba pele ba ho sebelisa mokhoa oo ho thoeng ke o sa tloaelehang mosebetsing oa hae - Segerike sa khale, Sechaena, Maindia (Sonata bakeng sa Violin le Piano).

Roussel ha aa ka a phonyoha tšusumetso ea Impressionism. Papaling ea papali ea 'mino e le 'ngoe ea The Feast of the Spider (1912), o ile a etsa palo e hlokomelehang bakeng sa botle bo tsotehang ba litšoantšo, liletsa tse ntle, tse iqapetsoeng.

Ho nka karolo Ntoeng ea Pele ea Lefatše e bile phetoho e khōlō bophelong ba Roussel. Ha a khutla ka pele, moqapi o fetola mokhoa oa hae oa ho bōpa. O kopanya mokhoa o mocha oa neoclassicism. “Albert Roussel oa re siea,” ho ngotse mohlahlobisisi E. Viyermoz, ea khomaretseng maikutlo a maikutlo, “a tsamaea a sa re hantle, a khutsitse, a tsepamisitse maikutlo, a ithibile ... O tla tsamaea, a tsamaee, a tsamaee. Empa hokae? Ho tloha ho Impressionism ho se ho ntse ho bonahala ho Second Symphony (1919-22). Ho Li-Symphonies tsa Boraro (1930) le tsa Bone (1934-35), moqapi o ntse a ikemela ka tsela e ncha, a etsa mesebetsi eo ho eona molao-motheo o hahang o ntseng o hlahella ka ho eketsehileng.

Qetellong ea 20s. Lingoliloeng tsa Roussel li tsebahala linaheng tse ling. Ka 1930, o etela USA 'me o teng ha a ntse a sebetsa ha Third Symphony ea Boston Symphony Orchestra tlas'a tataiso ea S. Koussevitzky, eo e ngotsoeng ka taelo ea hae.

Roussel o ne a e-na le matla a maholo a ho ruta. Har’a liithuti tsa hae ho na le baqapi ba bangata ba tummeng ba lekholong la 1935: hammoho le ba boletsoeng ka holimo, bana ke B. Martinou, K. Risager, P. Petridis. Ho tloha 1937 ho fihlela qetellong ea bophelo ba hae (XNUMX), Roussel e ne e le molulasetulo oa Popular Musical Federation of France.

Ha a hlalosa sepheo sa hae, moqapi o ile a re: “Borapeli ba litekanyetso tsa moea ke motheo oa mokhatlo leha e le ofe o ipolelang hore o tsoetse pele, ’me har’a bonono bo bong, ’mino ke pontšo e hlokolosi le e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea litekanyetso tsena.”

V. Ilyeva

Liqapi:

opereishene - Padmavati (opera-ballet, op. 1918; 1923, Paris), The Birth of the Lyre (lyric, La Naissance de la lyre, 1925, Paris), Testamente ea 'Mangoane Caroline (Le Testament de la tante Caroline, 1936, Olmouc , ka Seczech . lang.; 1937, Paris, ka Sefora); ballet – Mokete oa Sekho (Le festin de l'araignee. 1-act pantomime ballet; 1913, Paris), Bacchus and Ariadne (1931, Paris), Aeneas (le k’hoaere; 1935, Brussels); Li-Spells (Evocations, bakeng sa ba binang ba le bang, k'hoaere le 'mino oa liletsa, 1922); bakeng sa okhestra – 4 symphonies (Forest poem – La Poeme de la foret, programmatic, 1906; 1921, 1930, 1934), symphonic poems: Sontaha (Tsoho, ho latela L. Tolstoy, 1903) le Mokete oa Selemo (Pour une fete de printemps, 1920, 1926 ) , suite F-dur (Suite en Fa, 1929), Petite suite (1936), Flemish Rhapsody (Rapsodie flamande, 1934), symphoniette bakeng sa sehlopha sa 'mino oa liletsa. (XNUMX); lipina tsa 'mino oa liletsa tsa sesole; bakeng sa seletsa le okhestra – fp. concerto (1927), concertino bakeng sa wc. (1936); li-ensembles tsa liletsa tsa kamore - duet bakeng sa bassoon e nang le li-bass tse peli (kapa ka vlc., 1925), trio - leq. (1902), likhoele (1937), bakeng sa flute, viola le woofer. (1929), likhoele. quartet (1932), divertissement bakeng sa sextet (quintet ea moea le piano, 1906), sonatas bakeng sa Skr. ka fp. (1908, 1924), likotoana tsa piano, organ, harepa, katara, lekolilo le clarinet ka piano; likwayara; lipina; 'mino oa litšoantšiso tsa terama ea litšoantšiso, ho kenyelletsa le papali ea R. Rolland "Phupu 14" (hammoho le A. Honegger le ba bang, 1936, Paris).

Mesebetsi ea bongoli: Ho tseba ho khetha, (P., 1936); Ho nahanisisa ka 'mino kajeno, в кн.: Bernard R., A. Roussel, P., 1948.

References: Jourdan-Morhange H., Mes amis musiciens, P., 1955 (phetolelo ea Serussia - Jourdan-Morhange E., Motsoalle oa ka ke sebini, M., 1966); Schneerson G., 'Mino oa Sefora oa Lekholo la 1964th, Moscow, 1970, XNUMX.