Mokhoa oa ho khetha katara ea acoustic

Katara ea acoustic ke khoele khothotsoe seletsa sa mmino (ka mefuta e mengata e nang le likhoele tse tšeletseng) ho tsoa lelapeng la katara. Moqapi likarolo tsa likatara tse joalo ke: hangata lithapo tsa tšepe, moqotetsane molala le boteng ba ankora (tšepe rod) ka hare ho molala ho lokisa bophahamo ba dikgwele.

Sehloohong sena, litsebi tsa lebenkele "Seithuti" li tla u bolella kamoo u ka khethang katara ea acoustic eo ue hlokang, 'me u se ke ua lefa chelete e ngata ka nako e le' ngoe. E le hore u ka itlhalosa hamolemo le ho buisana le 'mino.

Kaho ea katara

Ka ho utloisisa lintho tsa motheo tsa katara ea acoustic, u tla khona ho bona le ho lemoha li-nuances tse tla u thusa ho khetha sesebelisoa se loketseng ka ho fetisisa.

Kaho ea katara ea acoustic

1. Lithakhisa (thakhisa mekhoa )  ke lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tse laolang tsitsipano ea likhoele liletsa tse likhoele, ’me, pele ho tsohle, li ikarabella bakeng sa tokiso ea tsona joaloka ntho leha e le efe e ’ngoe. Lithakhisa ke sesebelisoa se tlamehang ho ba le seletsa sefe kapa sefe sa likhoele.

katara lithakhisa

2.  Nut - lintlha tse qaqileng tsa liletsa tse likhoele (liletsa tse khumameng le tse ling tse khaotsoeng) tse phahamisang khoele ka holim'a monoana oa matsoho ho fihla bophahamong bo hlokahalang.

Nut _

Nut _

3. Maqhubu ke likarolo tse teng ka bolelele bohle ba katara molala , e leng marapo a tšepe a hlaheletseng a tšekaletseng a thusang ho fetola molumo le ho fetola noto. Hape khathatso ke sebaka se pakeng tsa likarolo tsena tse peli.

4.  fret board - karolo e telele ea lepolanka, eo likhoele li hatelloang nakong ea papali ho fetola lintlha.

katara molala

5. Serethe sa molala ke sebaka seo molala 'me 'mele oa katara o khomaretsoe . Hangata khopolo ena e bohlokoa bakeng sa likatara tse bolted. Serethe ka boeona se ka bevelled bakeng sa ho fihlella hamolemo ho qhekella . Baetsi ba katara ba fapaneng ba e etsa ka tsela ea bona.

serethe sa molala

6. Shell - (ho tloha ho Ch. ho pota-pota, ho phuthela ntho e itseng) - lehlakore la 'mele (le kobehileng kapa le kopantsoeng) li-muses. lisebelisoa. Ho bonolo ho bolela hore khetla ke marako a mahlakoreng.

khetla

7. Ka holimo mokatong - lehlakore le bataletseng la 'mele oa seletsa se likhoele, se sebeletsang ho holisa molumo.

Lintlha tse amang molumo

Leha ho na le moaho le moralo o tšoanang oa mantlha, likatara tsa acoustic li fapana ka likarolo tsa bohlokoa tse amang modumo, tshebetso, le maikutlo a seletsa. Likarolo tsena li kenyelletsa:

• mofuta oa khetla
• thepa ea matlo
• molala bophara le bolelele
• likhoele - nylon kapa tšepe
• mofuta oa lehong la acoustic

Ho tseba li-nuances ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mekhahlelo ena ho tla u thusa ho etsa khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ha u reka katara ea acoustic.

Mefuta e Koaletsoeng: Matšeliso le Sonority

Pele u reka katara, ke habohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore, pele, u ka ho feletseng kgotsofatswa ke modumo ea sesebelisoa sena, 'me ea bobeli , ho joalo e loketseng hore o ka e tshwara e lutse le ho ema.

'Mele o ka sehloohong oa katara ke board ea molumo . Ka kakaretso, the kholoanyane ea mokatong , molumo o matla le ho feta. Ho kopana ha 'mele o moholo le letheka le moqotetsane ho etsa hore katara e phutholohe haholoanyane. Litekanyo tse nepahetseng tsa mefuta e fapaneng li ka fapana ho latela moetsi, empa ho na le mefuta e 'maloa e tloaelehileng ea' mele ea katara:

1. Dreadnaught  ( Tšepo ) - e tloaelehileng bophirimela . Li-guitar tse nang le 'mele o joalo li khetholloa ke ho feta bass e boletsoeng ka modumo o ikgethang wa “ho rora”. Katara e joalo e loketse ho bapala ensemble le ho bapala likhoele ka ami, empa bakeng sa likarolo tsa solo e ke ke ea lula e le khetho e ntle.
2. Mohlala oa Okhestra . Mofuta oa 'mele oa "orchestra model" o atisa ho ba le modumo o boreledi le o “bonolo” - ho leka-lekana ho phethahetseng pakeng tsa likhoele tse ka tlaase le tse ka holimo. Likatara tsena li loketse ho kha. Bothata bo ka sehloohong ke molumo o fokolang oa seletsa, haeba, ka mohlala, u bapala katara e joalo ka ensemble ea acoustic. Leha ho le joalo hangata ha ho na li-bass tse lekaneng, haholo-holo ka mokhoa o thata oa ho bapala.
3. Jumbo - " jumbo ” (’mele o atolositsoeng). Mofuta ona oa 'mele oa katara oa acoustic ke oa mofuta ea ho sekisetsa lipakeng tsa tse peli tse fetileng. Molemo oa eona o ka sehloohong ke 'mele o moholo o matlafatsang molumo ho ea boemong ba maemo bophirimela (ka linako tse ling le ho feta), 'me tlhophiso ea eona ea symmetrical e etsa hore e be e leka-lekaneng' me e be haufi le mohlala oa 'mino oa liletsa o nang le molumo oa "lero". ” Jumbo ” likatara li loketse hantle mefuta e tsoakaneng ea ’mino, haholo-holo ha e letsoa sethaleng. Jumbo ea likhoele tse 12 e boetse e tumme haholo.

Mefuta e 'meli ea pele ea kaho ea sekepe, e ntseng e tsebahala haholo ebile e tloaelehile ho fihlela kajeno, e entsoe ke Martin. Bophirimela 'me mehlala ea liletsa ke Martin D-28 le Martin OM-28. Moralo oa mofuta oa boraro, kapa nts'etsopele ea ona, ke oa k'hamphani ea Gibson, eo ho eona mohlala oa Gibson J-200 e ntseng e le oa setso sa Amerika ” jumbo ” katara.

Lisebelisoa tsa 'mele oa katara

Molumo o entsoeng ke likhoele tsa katara o fetisoa ka ho mohatla ho boto ea molumo, e sebetsang e le seholisa. Lehong le sebelisoang ho etsa bokaholimo le na le tšusumetso e ka sehloohong sebopehong sa modumo wa seletsa. Ke ka lebaka leo, joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, e kholoanyane mokatong , molumo o matla le ho feta.

Holimo mokatong ea katara acoustic e ka ba tiileng kapa laminated. E tiile board ea molumo hangata e entsoe ka likotoana tse peli tsa mapolanka a nang le lesela le nang le lijo-thollo tse bapisitsoeng bohareng. A laminated board ea molumo e entsoe ka lihlopha tse 'maloa tsa lehong tse petelitsoeng hammoho,' me karolo e ka holimo e atisa ho etsoa ka lehong la bohlokoa haholoanyane.

Laminate e sisinyeha ho feta boto e tiileng, kahoo molumo o joalo modumo o fokolang le o ruileng . Leha ho le joalo, katara ea laminated ke khetho e ntle bakeng sa ba qalang ba fumanang seletsa sa bona sa pele.

Likhoele: nylon kapa tšepe

Ho na le maikutlo a fosahetseng a tloaelehileng a hore katara ea pele ea motho ea qalang e lokela ho ba le likhoele tsa nylon hobane li bonolo ho li bapala. Leha ho le joalo, ho nkela likhoele tsa nylon sebaka ka tsa tšepe le ka tsela e fapaneng ea sesebelisoa se tšoanang ke ha e amohelehe , ’me ha e le hantle ke phoso ho nka hore ho tloha mofuteng o mong oa khoele ho ea ho o mong ke taba ea tsebo le phihlelo.

Khetho ea hau e lokela ho khethoa ke 'mino oo u rerang ho o bapala. Molumo o ntšitsoeng likhoeleng tsa nylon o bonolo, o sa hlaka. Likhoele tsena li sebelisoa ka likatara tsa khale. Katara ea khale e na le e khuts'oane, e pharaletseng molala ('me kahoo sebaka se seholo sa likhoele) ho feta katara ea acoustic ea tšepe.

Likhoele tsa tšepe li sebelisoa haholo ho feta, hangata mefuteng ea 'mino e kang rock, pop, le naheng . Ba fana ka modumo o phahameng le o nonneng , tšobotsi ea katara ea acoustic.

Litekanyo tsa molala

Botenya le bophara ba molala mme katara e fapana ho latela boholo ba mmele. Litšobotsi tsena ha li ame molumo haholo joalo ka tšebeliso ea sesebedisoa. Ka li-acoustic guitar, ha se li-frets tsohle tse fumanehang lipakeng tsa hlooho ea hlooho , empa ke 12 kapa 14 feela.

Tabeng ea pele, la 13 le la 14 qhekella li fumaneha 'meleng, kahoo ho thata ho fihla ho tsona. Haeba u na le matsoho a manyane, khetha katara ea acoustic e nang le e nyane molala bophara .

Mefuta ea lehong bakeng sa likatara

Ha u reka katara ea acoustic, tsepamisa maikutlo taba ea hore mefuta e fapaneng ea patsi e reretsoe likarolo tse itseng tsa sesebelisoa. Ho tseba hore na katara ea hau e lokela ho utloahala joang ho tla u thusa ho etsa qeto. Ka tlaase mona ke kakaretso ea mefuta e ka sehloohong ea lifate tsa acoustic le tsa bona litšobotsi tsa molumo .

Likedare

Lehong le bonolo le nang le modumo o nonneng le kutloisiso e ntle, e thusang mokhoa oa ho bapala. Kedare top ke khetho e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ka likatara tsa khale le tsa flamenco, hape e sebelisoa bakeng sa mahlakore le mekokotlo. 

Ebony

Lehong le thata haholo, le boreleli ho fihlela le thetsoa. Haholo-holo e sebelisoang etsoe fretboards .

Cocobolo

E tsoaletsoe Mexico, e 'ngoe ea meru e boima ka ho fetisisa lelapeng la rosewood, e sebelisetsoang mahlakore le mekokotlo. E entse joalo kutlo e ntle le modumo o kganyang .

Sefate se Sefubedu

Patsi e teteaneng, e khetholloang ka lebelo le fokolang la ho arabela. E le thepa e ka holimo, e na le a modumo o nonneng seo se totobatsang holimo lethathama , mme e loketse haholo ho bapala naheng 'me 'mino oa blues .

E sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa ho etsa likhetla le li-back decks, hobane. e eketsa ho hlaka ho bohareng mme e fokotsa ho ata ha li-bass. E boetse e sebelisoa e le thepa bakeng sa melala le ba tšoereng likhoele.

Maple

E sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa likhetla le mekokotlo, joalo ka ha e na le tšusumetso e tlase le ho monyela ha molumo ka hare. Lebelo le liehang la ho arabela le etsa hore thepa ena e be e loketseng litšoantšiso tse phelang , haholo-holo sehlopheng sa 'mino, kaha likatara tsa 'mapa li utloahala le ha li sebelisoa haholo.

Rosewood

Phokotso ea phepelo ea rosewood ea Brazil limmarakeng tse ngata e entse hore e nkeloe sebaka ke Indian rosewood. E 'ngoe ea mefuta e tloaelehileng le e ratoang ka ho fetisisa ea lehong tlhahiso ea li-acoustic guitar. E ananeloa bakeng sa eona karabo e potlakileng le bosone kenya letsoho tlhahisong ea molumo o hlakileng le o ruileng. E boetse e tumme ha ho etsoa fretboards le tailpieces.

Palesa

Lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa mokatong o ka holimo. Lehong le bobebe empa le tšoarella le fana ka molumo o monate ntle le ho itela ho hlaka .

Mokhoa oa ho khetha katara ea acoustic

Mehlala ea likatara tsa acoustic

Yamaha F310	FENDER SQUIER SA-105
Strunal J977	Hohner HW-220
Parkwood P810	EPIPHONE EJ-200CE

Kakaretso ea baetsi ba katara ba ka sehloohong

Strunal

Likopano tsa 'mino oa Czech tlas'a lebitso la kakaretso "Cremona" li' nile tsa sebetsa ho tloha ka 1946, ho ne ho e-na le tse fetang makholo a mabeli le mashome a mahlano ka kakaretso. Lisebelisoa tsa pele tse hlahisoang tlas'a letšoao la Cremona e ne e le li-violin (ho tloha lekholong la leshome le metso e robeli la lilemo). Li-guitar tsa acoustic li ne li se li ntse li eketsoa lekholong la mashome a mabeli la lilemo.

Soviet Union, katara ea mofuta oa Kremona esale e nkuoa e le sesebelisoa sa boleng bo holimo. E ne e fapane haholo le liletsa tse hlahisitsoeng, ka mohlala, Leningrad Musical Instruments Plant, empa e ne e le theko e tlaase. 'Me joale, ka mor'a ho hlophisoa bocha ha fektheri, ha li-guitar li hlahisoa tlas'a lebitso la "Strunal", lebitso "Cremona" le amahanngoa le boleng.

Ho ea ka litsebi tse ling, li-guitar tsa fektheri ena ha li tlaase ho tsa Sepanishe, empa li tšoarella nako e telele, kaha boemo ba leholimo ba naha ea habo bona - Czech Republic - bo haufi le boemo ba leholimo ba Serussia ho feta Sepanishe. Ho tšoarella le matla ho bile ho etsa hore ho khonehe ho kenya likhoele tsa tšepe ka likatara tsa khale.

Ka mor'a ho oa ha USSR, fektheri e ile ea pholoha, lethathamo le ile la ntlafatsoa. Ka bomalimabe, lebitso le tsebahalang le le tsebahalang "Cremona" le ne le tlameha ho tloheloa, kaha lena ke lebitso la e 'ngoe ea liprofinse tsa Italy, tse tummeng ka baetsi ba violin. Hona joale feme e bitsoa "Strunal".

Ho fastening ea molala 'me li-guitars tsa fektheri ena li etsoa ho ea ka morero o bitsoang "Austrian", o fanang ka sesebelisoa matla a eketsehileng. Ka lebaka la liphapang tsa sebopeho, molumo oa "Strunal" o fapane le li-acoustics tsa li-guitar tsa khale tsa Sepanishe.

Hona joale ho hlahisoa mefuta e fetang XNUMX ea likatara tsa khale "Strunal", ho phaella moo, fektheri e hlahisa likatara tsa acoustic " bophirimela "le" jumbo ” (mohlala o ka bang leshome le halofo). Har'a likatara "Strunal" u ka fumana mefuta e tšeletseng, e robong le e leshome le metso e 'meli. Strunal e hlahisa likatara tsa acoustic tse fetang 50,000, li-violin tse 20,000, li-cellos tse 3,000 le li-bass tse 2,000 tse habeli ka selemo.

Gibson

Gibson ke moetsi oa Amerika oa liletsa tsa 'mino. Tse tsebahalang haholo e le moetsi oa likatara tsa motlakase.

E thehiloe ka 1902 ke Orville Gibson, e bile ba bang ba pele ba ho etsa likatara tse tiileng, tseo kajeno li tsejoang e le "likatara tsa motlakase". Melao-motheo ea ho etsa likatara le li-pickup tse tiileng li ile tsa tlisoa k'hamphaning ke sebini Les Paul (lebitso le felletseng - Lester William Polfus), eo e 'ngoe ea letoto le tummeng la likatara e ileng ea reoa ka mor'a moo.

Lilemong tsa bo-60 - 70 tsa lekholo la mashome a mabeli la lilemo, e ile ea tsebahala haholo ka lebaka la ho ata ha 'mino oa rock. Gibson Les Paul le likatara tsa Gibson SG li fetohile li-flagship tsa k'hamphani ena. Ho fihlela joale, e ntse e le e 'ngoe ea likatara tsa motlakase tse rekisoang ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.

Likatara tsa motlakase tsa Gibson Les Paul Standard tsa khale ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1950 joale li na le boleng bo fetang lidolara tse likete tse lekholo 'me li batloa ke babokelli.

Ba bang ba Gibson / Players Artists: Jimmy Page, Jimi Hendrix, Angus Young, Chet Atkins, Tony Iommi, Johnny Cash, BB King, Gary Moore, Kirk Hammett, Slash, Zack Wylde, Armstrong, Billy Joe, Malakian, Daron.

Hohner

Khampani ea Jeremane HOHNER e hlile e le teng ho tloha 1857. Leha ho le joalo, ho pholletsa le histori ea eona, e 'nile ea tsejoa e le moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa moea tsa lehlaka - haholo-holo harmonicas.

Ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-90, katara ea Hohner HC-06 e ile ea "nchafatsa" 'maraka oa' mino Russia ka botebo, ea felisa phepelo ea likatara tsa boleng bo tlase tse sa boleloang ka mabitso tse tsoang Chaena. Ho ile ha fetoha lefeela ho li kenya kantle ho naha: HC-06 e bitsa chelete e tšoanang, 'me mabapi le li-acoustics esita le Czech Strunal e ile ea phahama ho tloha tlase.

Ka mor'a ponahalo ea mohlala oa HC-06, litsebi tsa Russia li ile tsa arola katara ena ka ho khetheha ho utloisisa hore na ke hobane'ng ha e bapala hantle. Ha ho liphiri tse fumanoeng, lisebelisoa tse khethiloeng hantle (tse theko e tlaase) le nyeoe e kopaneng hantle.

Hoo e ka bang likatara tsohle tse bitsoang Hohner li entsoe Chaena. Theknoloji le taolo ea boleng li ntle haholo. Hohner e nang le sekoli e batla e le thata ho kopana.

Martinez

Martinez e entsoe Chaena tlas'a taelo ea balekane ba rona ba Russia. Li entsoe fekthering e le 'ngoe le mefuta e theko e tlaase ea Ibanez le Fender,' me e sebelisa mahlale a tšoanang. Ka mohlala, W-801 ke analogue e tobileng ea Fender DG-3, liphapang li teng feela ka mekhoa e metle ea moralo le setikara. Martinez e theko e tlase hobane moreki ha a lefelle mofuta o khothalelitsoeng.

Letšoao le bile teng ka lilemo tse ka bang 10, lipalo-palo li 'nile tsa pharalla. Moetsi o boloka boleng bo tsitsitseng haholo, ho na le litletlebo tse fokolang. Boholo ba mefuta ea Martinez ke dreadnoughts , e nang le lisebelisoa tse ntle haholo le liphetho. Mefuta e mengata ea tekanyetso - W-701, 702, 801 - ke likatara tse tloaelehileng tsa Sechaena bakeng sa thuto ea mathomo. Mefuta ea khale e khahliloe ke boleng le pheletso, haholo-holo W-805. 'Me sena sohle se phela hantle sebakeng sa rona sa leholimo, e leng sa bohlokoa.

Ka kakaretso, Martinez ke e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse tsebahalang haholo le tse bohlokoa sehlopheng sa batho ba sa rutehang. E 'nile ea e-ba teng' marakeng oa Russia ka nako e telele 'me e iketsetse ka tsela e loketseng haholo.

Yamaha

K'hamphani ea Japane e etsang hoo e batlang e le ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe lefatšeng. Ho tloha ka 1966, likatara le tsona li 'nile tsa hlahisoa. Ha ho na lintlafatso tse khethehileng lithulusing tsena, empa boleng ba mosebetsi le mokhoa oa mantlha oa Majapane oa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa li etsa mosebetsi oa tsona.