Bass clarinet: tlhaloso ea seletsa, molumo, histori, mokhoa oa ho bapala

Mofuta oa bass oa clarinet o hlahile qalong ea lekholo la boXNUMX la lilemo. Kajeno, seletsa sena ke karolo ea liletsa tsa symphony, tse sebelisoang likopanong tsa kamore, 'me li hlokoa ke libini tsa jazz.

Tlhaloso ea sesebelisoa

Bass clarinet, ka Setaliana e utloahala eka ke "clarinetto basso", ke ea sehlopha sa liletsa tsa 'mino tsa mapolanka. Sesebelisoa sa eona se tšoana le sesebelisoa sa clarinet e tloaelehileng, likarolo tsa mantlha tsa meralo ke:

• 'Mele: tube e otlolohileng ea cylindrical, e nang le likarolo tse 5 (tloloko, molomo, mangole (ka holimo, tlase), moqomo).
• Lehlaka (leleme) – poleiti e tshesane e sebedisoang ho ntsha modumo.
• Li-valve, mehele, masoba a molumo a khabisang bokaholimo ba 'mele.

Bass clarinet e entsoe ka mapolanka a bohlokoa - botšo, mpingo, cocobol. Boholo ba mosebetsi o etsoa ka letsoho, ho latela tataiso e entsoeng lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng. Thepa ea tlhahiso, mosebetsi o boima o ama theko ea ntho - monate ona ha o theko e tlaase.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea bass clarinet e ka ba 4 octave (ho tloha ho D e kholo ea octave ho ea B flat contra octave). Ts'ebeliso ea mantlha e ho tuning ea B (B-flat). Lintlha li ngotsoe ka bass clef, molumo o phahameng ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe.

Nalane ea bass clarinet

Qalong, ho ile ha thehoa clarinet e tloaelehileng - ketsahalo e etsahetse halofong ea bobeli ea lekholo la boXNUMX la lilemo. Joale ho ile ha nka lilemo tse ka bang lekholo ho e ntlafatsa ka har'a bass clarinet. Mongoli oa nts'etsopele ke Belgian Adolf Sachs, ea nang le moqapi o mong oa bohlokoa - saxophone.

A. Sachs o ithutile ka hloko mefuta e fumanehang lekholong la boXNUMX la lilemo, a sebetsa nako e telele ho ntlafatsa li-valve, ho ntlafatsa molumo oa lentsoe le ho holisa mefuta. Ho tloha tlas'a letsoho la setsebi, seletsa se phethahetseng sa thuto se ile sa tsoa, ​​se ileng sa nka sebaka sa sona se nepahetseng sehlopheng sa 'mino oa liletsa oa symphony.

Molumo o motenya, o batlang o le lerootho oa seletsa o bohlokoa haholo ho karolo e itseng ea 'mino. U ka utloa molumo oa eona ho li-operas tsa Wagner, Verdi, li-symphonies tsa Tchaikovsky, Shostakovich.

Lekholo la bo XNUMX la lilemo le butse menyetla e mecha bakeng sa barati ba seletsa sena: se ngolloa litšoantšiso tsa motho a le mong, ke karolo ea liphatlalatso tsa kamore, 'me e batloa ke libapali tsa jazz esita le tsa rock.

Mokhoa oa ho bapala

Mokhoa oa ho bapala o tšoana le tsebo ea ho ba le clarinet e tloaelehileng. Sesebelisoa se tsamaea haholo, ha se hloke ho phefumoloha, mehloli e meholo ea oksijene, melumo e ntšoa habonolo.

Haeba re bapisa li-clarinets tse peli, mofuta oa bass ha o tsamaee hantle, likotoana tsa motho ka mong li tla hloka tsebo e kholo ho tsoa ho sebini. Ho na le mokhoa o fapaneng: 'mino o ngotsoeng ka konopo e tlaase o thata ho o bapala ho clarinet e tloaelehileng, empa "bass mor'abo" o tla sebetsana le mosebetsi o tšoanang ntle le bothata.

Papali e kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea lirejisetara tse peli - tlase, bohareng. Bass clarinet e loketse liketsahalo tse bohloko, tse tšoenyang, tse mpe.

Bass clarinet ha se "violin ea pele" sehlopheng sa 'mino oa liletsa, empa e ka ba phoso ho e nka e le ntho e sa reng letho. Kantle ho linoto tse monate, tse monate tse ka holimo ho matla a liletsa tse ling tsa 'mino, mesebetsi e mengata e babatsehang e ka utloahala e fapane ka ho feletseng haeba lihlopha tsa 'mino li ne li ka qhelela mohlala oa clarinet bass pina.