Mefuta e mene ea li-triad le li-inversions tsa tsona

'Mino oa boraro-bo-bong ke molumo o entsoeng ka melumo e meraro, e hlophisitsoeng ka likarolo tse tharo. E le hore u fumane triad, u lokela ho hokahanya likarolo tse peli feela ho tse tharo, empa kaha nako ea karolo ea boraro e ka ba kholo kapa e nyenyane, motsoako oa karolo ena ea boraro e ka fapana, 'me, ho latela sebopeho, mefuta e fapaneng ea li-triad. e ka khetholloa.

Ka kakaretso, ho sebelisoa mefuta e mene ea li-triad: tse kholo (kapa tse kholo), tse nyenyane (kapa tse nyenyane), tse eketsehang le tse fokotsehileng. Li-triad tsohle li hlalosoa ka linomoro tse peli - 5 le 3, tse fetisang moelelo oa sebopeho sa chord (triad e thehoa ka ho eketsa nako ea bohlano le ea boraro motheong).

Boraro-bo-bong

Boraro-bo-bong bo boholo bo thehiloe holim'a karolo e kholo ea boraro, eo ngoana e monyenyane a hahiloeng holim'a eona. Kahoo, sebopeho sa nako ea boraro-bo-bong ke karolo e kholo ea boraro + karolo e nyenyane ea boraro. Ho khetholla boraro bo boholo (kapa ho seng joalo bo boholo), ho sebelisoa tlhaku e kholo B, lebitso le felletseng ke B53.

Ka mohlala, haeba re batla ho haha ​​​​triad e kholo ho tloha ho "do", re tla qala ka ho behella ka thōko "do-mi" e kholo ea boraro ho tloha bukeng ena, ebe re eketsa e nyenyane ho tloha "mi" - "mi-sol" ho ea pele. holimo. Boraro-bo-bong bo ne bo tsoa melumong ea DO, MI le SALT.

Kapa, ​​​​haeba re haha ​​​​triad e joalo ho tloha "re", pele re ngola karolo ea boraro e kholo "re f-sharp", ebe re kopanya e nyenyane ho "f-sharp" - "f-sharp la". Ka hona, boraro bo boholo bo tsoang ho "re" ke melumo RE, F-SHARP le LA.

BOITLHAKISO: haha ka molomo kapa ka mongolo, kapa bapala ka seletsa sa hau melumo e meng e meraro e ka letsoang ka linotlolo tse tšoeu tsa piano, ke hore, ho tsoa ho MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI.

Li-triad tse kholo li atile haholo 'minong - meloding ea lipina kapa liletsa tsa liletsa, hammoho le ho tsamaisana le piano kapa katara, kapa ka lintlha tsa 'mino oa liletsa.

Mohlala o hlakileng oa tšebeliso ea boraro-bo-bong ba sehlooho moloteng oa pina o tsebahalang ho bohle "Pina e buang ka Captain" ea Isaac Dunayevsky ea filimi "Bana ba Captain Grant". Hopola k'horase e tummeng e nang le mantsoe a reng: "Captain, captain, bososela ..."? Kahoo, khubung ea pina ea hae ke ho theosa le melumo e meraro e kholo:

Boraro bo bonyenyane

Bohareng ba triad e nyane e lutse, ka ho latellana, karolo e nyane ea boraro, 'me e kholo e se e hahiloe holim'a eona. Kahoo, sebopeho sa eona sa nako e tla ba ka tsela e latelang: karolo ea boraro + e kholo ea boraro. Ho khetholla boraro bo joalo, ho sebelisoa litlhaku tse kholo M, 'me, joalo ka kamehla, linomoro tsa 5 le 3 - M53.

Haeba u haha ​​​​triad e nyenyane ho tloha "ho", pele u behella ka thōko "ho E-flat" - karolo e nyenyane ea boraro, ebe u eketsa e kholo ho "E-flat" - "E-flat G". Ka lebaka leo, re fumana chord ho melumo ea DO, MI-FLAT le SOL.

Mohlala o mong - ha re theheng triad e nyane ho tloha ho "re". Karolo e nyane ea boraro ho tsoa ho “re” ke “re-fa”, mmoho le karolo e kholo ea boraro ho tsoa ho “fa” ke “fa-la”. Ka hona, melumo eohle ea triad e batloang ke RE, FA le LA.

BOITLHAKISO: theha li-triad tse nyane ho tsoa melumong ea MI, FA, SOL, LA le SI.

Triad e nyane e boetse e sebelisoa haholo mminong oa lipina tse fapaneng, ka linako tse ling lipina li qala ka molumo oa eona. Kahoo, ho etsa mohlala, pina ea pina e tummeng ka ho fetisisa mehleng ea eona, pina "Moscow Nights" ke moqapi Vasily Solovyov-Sedoy. Qalong, mantsoeng a reng "Ha e utloe serapeng ...", pina ea thoriso e feta feela melumo ea boraro-bo-bong:

Augmented triad

Augmented triad e fumanoa ha likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo li kopantsoe. Ho rekota triad, ho sebelisoa lebitso le khutsufalitsoeng "Uv", moo linomoro tsa 5 le 3 li kenyelletsoeng, ho bonts'a hore chord e hlile e le triad - Uv53.

Nahana ka mehlala. Ho tsoa molumo "etsa", triad e eketsehileng e tsamaea le lintlha tsa DO, MI le SOL-SHARP. Ka bobeli borarong - "to mi" le "mi sol-sharp", kamoo e lokelang ho ba kateng, li kholo.

Ho tsoa melumong e meng, uena, u se u ntse u e-na le phihlelo e itseng, u ka iketsetsa li-triad tse joalo habonolo, tseo re u khothalletsang hore u li etse hang-hang. E le hore u itlhahlobe, re tla pata likarabo ho spoiler hajoale.

Augmented triad, joalo ka e kholo le e nyane, ka tlhaho e sebelisoa 'mino maemong a mangata. Empa ka lebaka la hore e utloahala e sa tsitsa, mesebetsi ea 'mino, e le molao, ha e qale ka eona. Augmented triad e ka fumanoa haholo-holo bohareng ba pina kapa seletsa sa liletsa.

Triad e fokotsehileng

Triad e fokotsehileng ke ntho e fapaneng hantle le chord e eketsehileng. E na le likarolo tse peli tse nyenyane ho tse tharo. Molao-motheo oa ho khetholla o tšoana: tlhaloso e khutsufalitsoeng "Um" le lipalo tsa triad (5 le 3) - Um53.

Haeba re ntse re haha ​​​​triad e fokolitsoeng ho tloha molumo "ho", joale re lokela ho haha ​​​​le ho hokahanya likaroloana tse peli tse nyenyane: ea pele ke "ho ea E-flat", ea bobeli ke "E-flat G-flat". Kahoo, re fumane tse latelang: DO, MI-FLAT le G-FLAT - ena ke melumo e etsang triad eo re e hlokang.

Li-triad tse fokolitsoeng ho tloha mehatong e meholo e setseng (RE, MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI) ikahe. U ka bona likarabo tsa ho itlhahloba ho spoiler ka tlase.

Joalo ka triad e ekelitsoeng, e fokotsehang e utloahala e tsitsitse ebile e sa tsitsa, kahoo ha e sebelisoe hangata qalong ea sekotoana, hangata chord ena e ka fumanoa bohareng kapa qetellong ea pina kapa sekotoana sa seletsa se itseng. .

U ka ithuta joang ho khetholla mefuta e 4 ea li-triad ka tsebe?

Lithutong tsa solfeggio likolong tsa 'mino kapa likolecheng, ho na le mofuta oa mosebetsi o kang oa tlhahlobo ea kutlo, ha moithuti a kopuoa ho hakanya hore na ke chord kapa nako efe e ntseng e letsoa piano kapa seletsa se seng. Joang ho hopola molumo oa mefuta e mene ea li-triad, ho ithuta ho li khetholla le ho se li ferekanye?

Mohlomong u kile ua utloa polelo e reng: “Ntho e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe e tsejoa ha e bapisoa.” Khopolo ena e tsoang bohlaleng ba batho e sebetsa mona ka nako e nepahetseng. Hoa hlokahala ho bina le ho bapala mefuta eohle ea li-triad, ho tšoara molumo oa tsona ka hlooho le ho tseba ho tšoana le ho se tšoane ha tsona.

Ha re leke ho tšoaea e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea li-triad:

1. Boraro-bo-bong e utloahala e le sebete, e khanyang, e khanyang.
2. Boraro bo bonyenyane hape e utloahala e tsitsitse, empa ka leselinyana la lefifi, ho lefifi haholoanyane.
3. Augmented triad e utloahala e sa tsitsa ebile e khanya, joalo ka siren, e hapa tlhokomelo haholo.
4. Triad e fokotsehileng e boetse e utloahala e sa tsitsa, empa ho joalo, joalokaha ho ka boleloa, e hatelloa haholoanyane, e felile.

Mamela mefuta ena ea li-triad, tse hahiloeng ho tloha molumo oa RE, ka makhetlo a 'maloa' me u leke ho hopola likarolo tsa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tsona.

Phetoho ea li-triad: chord ea botšelela le quartersextachord

Li-harmonies leha e le life, ho kenyelletsa le li-triad, li ka fetoloa - ke hore, ka ho hlophisa melumo bocha ho fumana mefuta e mecha ea likhetho. Liphetoho tsohle li etsoa ho latela molao-motheo o tšoanang: molumo o ka tlaase oa chord ea pele o fetisetsoa holimo ho octave, e leng se hlahisang molumo o fapaneng.

Litharo-tharo tsohle li na le liphetolelo tse peli: ea pele e bitsoa chord ea botšelela, 'me ea bobeli e bitsoa chord ea bone-tšelela. Likhetho tsa botšelela li bonts'oa ka nomoro ea 6, li-quarter-sextchords li bonts'oa ka linomoro tse peli: 6 le 4.

Mohlala, ha re etseng phetoho ea "do-mi-sol" e kholo. Re fetisetsa molumo o tlase "ho" holimo ho octave, re ngola melumo e meng hape, re e siea libakeng tsa eona. Re fumane chord ea botšelela "mi-sol-do".

Joale re tla etsa mohala o latelang, re tla sebetsa ka chord ea botšelela eo re e amohetseng. Re tsamaisa molumo o tlase "mi" ho ea sebakeng sa octave e hloekileng, re ngola melumo e meng hape. Kahoo, re fumana kotara-sextakcord ho tsoa melumo ea "sol-do-mi". Ena e ne e le ea bobeli le ea ho qetela.

Haeba re leka ho etsa boipiletso bo bong hape, re tla khutlela ho seo re qalileng ho sona. Ke hore, haeba u tsamaisa bass "G" ka holimo ho "sol-do-mi" quarter-sextakcord, u fumana triad e tloaelehileng ea "do-mi-sol". Kahoo, re kholisehile hore triad e na le liphetolelo tse peli feela.

Mokhoa oa ho tseba likarolo tsa nako ea likhetho tsa botšelela le li-quartersextachords?

Kaha triad e na le mefuta e mene feela, ho bolela hore ho tla boela ho be le likhetho tsa botšelela le likhetho tsa bone-tšelela ka 'ngoe - tse kholo, tse nyenyane, tse eketsehileng le tse fokotsehileng. Ho tseba likarolo tsa nako ea li-chords tse ncha, a re li haheng.

Mohlala, ha re nke li-triad ho tsoa molumo oa MI mme hang-hang re etse liphetoho tsa bona tsa pele le tsa bobeli ho fumana likhetho tsa botšelela le li-quarter-sextchords. Joale re tla sekaseka likhetho tse hlahisoang mme re bone hore na li kenyelletsa nako efe.

Chord e kholo ea botšelela le kotara ea botšelela

Li-triad tse kholo tse tsoang ho MI, tsena ke melumo ea MI, SOL-SHARP le SI. Ka hona, molumo o moholo oa botšelela (B.6) o tla thehoa ke melumo ea G-SHARP, SI le MI - ka tatellano eo. 'Me kotara e kholo ea sextakcord (B.64) e tla etsoa ka lintlha tsa SI, MI le SOL-SHARP.

Ka boeona, triad e kholo e na le likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo - tse kholo le tse nyenyane, re se re ntse re tseba sena.

Molumo o moholo oa botšelela o entsoe ka karolo e nyane ea boraro (mohlala oa rona, ke "sol-sharp si") le ea bone e hloekileng ("si-mi" move).

Molumo o moholo oa kotara-sext o qala ka karolo ea bone e phethahetseng (melumo ea "si-mi" botlaaseng ba molumo), eo karolo e kholo ea boraro e kenyelletsoang ho eona (mohlala - "mi sol-sharp").

Kahoo, re amohetse molao o latelang: B.6 = ntho e nyenyane ea boraro + e hloekileng ea bone; B.64 uXNUMXd ea bone e hloekileng + ea boraro e kholo.

Chord e nyane ea botšelela le kotara ea botšelela

Triad e nyane e tsoang ho MI e hahiloe ho latela melumo ea MI, SOL, SI (ntle le likotsi tse sa hlokahaleng). Sena se bolela hore chord e nyane ea botšelela (M.6) ke lintlha tsa SOL, SI, MI, le tse nyane kotara-sextakcord (M.64) ke SI, MI, SOL.

Triad e nyane e entsoe ka likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo - e nyane "E-sol" le "sol-si" e kholo.

Molumo o monyenyane oa botšelela o na le karolo e khōlō ea boraro (melumo ea sol-si) le ea bone e hloekileng (melumo ea si-mi), ha molumo o monyenyane oa kotara-sext, ho fapana le hoo, o qala ka oa bone (mohlala, “si- mi”), eo karolo e nyenyane ea boraro ho eona (mohlala, tsena ke melumo “mi-sol”).

Ka hona, re fumane hore: M.6 = kholo ea boraro + e hloekileng ea bone; M.64 uXNUMXd ea bone e hloekileng + e nyenyane ea boraro.

Augmented chord ea botšelela le quartersextachord

Triad e ekelitsoeng ho tsoa ho MI ke chord MI, G-SHARP, C-SHARP. Molumo oa botšelela oa triad ena ke G-SHARP, B-SHARP, MI, 'me kotara ea mongolo oa thobalano ke B-SHARP, MI, G-SHARP. Ntho e khahlisang ea li-chords tse tharo ke hore kaofela li utloahala joaloka triad e eketsehileng (e hahiloe feela ka melumo e fapaneng).

Triad e ekelitsoeng, joalo ka ha re se re tseba, e na le likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo (ka mohlala, tsena ke "E G-sharp" le "G-sharp C-sharp").

Karolo ea botšelela ea triad e ntseng e eketseha ke karolo ea boraro e kholo (ka mohlala - "G-sharp C-sharp"), eo karolo ea bone e fokolitsoeng e eketsoang ho eona (mohlala - "B-sharp E").

Quadrant-sextakcord ea triad e tšoanang ke quart e fokotsehileng (mi sol-sharp) le karolo ea boraro e kholo (ho tloha ho sol-sharp ho isa ho c-sharp).

Qetello ke e latelang: SW.6 = karolo e kholo ea boraro + e fokotsehile ea bone; Uv.64 uXNUMXd e fokotsehile ea bone + ea boraro e kholo.

E fokotsehile ho chord ea botšelela le kotara-sext chord

Triad e fokolitsoeng ho tloha molumo oa MI ke consonance e tsoang ho lintlha tsa MI, SOL, SI-FLAT. Molumo oa botšelela oa triad ena ke G, B-flat le MI, 'me chord ea eona ea kotara-sext ke B-flat, MI, G.

Boraro-bo-bong bo ntseng bo nahanoa bo na le symmetrical, e na le likaroloana tse peli ho tse tharo (ho rona, tsena ke melumo "mi sol" le "sol si-flat").

Ntho e fokolitsoeng ea botšelela e fumanoa ka ho hokahanya karolo e nyenyane ea boraro (re na le "G-flat") le quart e eketsehileng (ka mohlala, "B-flat").

Quartsextakcord e fokotsehileng e qala ka quart e atolositsoeng (ho ea ka mohlala - "si-flat mi"), eo karolo e nyenyane ea boraro ("mi sol") e kopanelang ho eona.

Kahoo, ka lebaka leo, ho hlaha sena: Um.6 u64d e nyenyane ea boraro + e eketsehile ea bone; Um.XNUMX = e ekelitsoe ea bone + e nyane ea boraro.

Lethathamo la lihlopha tsa karohano tsa melumo e meraro

Ha re akaretseng lintlha tsohle tseo re nang le tsona mabapi le mefuta ea li-chord tsa nakoana tafoleng. U ka khoasolla tafole e tšoanang bakeng sa khatiso. MONA 'me u e sebelise e le pampiri ea ho qhekella lithutong tsa solfeggio kapa mosebetsing oa sekolo ho fihlela u e hopola ka tieo.

ho hlaphoheloa	THOBALANO- LIKELETSO	NKOANE-MAKHOA
MAJOR	B.53 = b.3 + m.3	B.6 = m.3 + h.4	B.64 u4d karolo ea 3 + b.XNUMX
NYANE	M.53 = m.3 + b.3	M.6 = b.3 + leq.4	M.64 = karolo ea 4 + m.3
KHOLISANG	Uv.53 = b.3 + b.3	Uv.6 = b.3 + um.4	Uv.64 = um.4 + b.3
RETS'ELISITSOE	Kelello.53 = m.3 + m.3	Kelello.6 = m.3 + uv.4	Kelello.64 = uv.4 + m.3

Ke hobane'ng ha u hloka ho tseba hore na sena kapa chord e entsoe ka nako efe? Sena sea hlokahala e le hore u hahe habonolo consonance e lakatsehang ho tsoa molumo ofe kapa ofe oa 'mino.

Mohlala, ha re theheng likhoutu tsohle tseo re li hlahlobileng kajeno ho tsoa ho molumo oa PE.

• Re se re ahile triad e kholo ho tloha PE, ha re na ho bua ka eona ho feta. Melumo ena ke RE, F-SHARP, LA. Ntho e ka sehloohong ea botšelela ho tloha RE - RE, FA, SI-FLAT ("re-fa" ke karolo e nyenyane ea boraro, 'me "fa B-flat" ke quart e hloekileng). Karolo e kholo ea kotara-sextakcord ho tloha notong e tšoanang ke RE, SOL, SI (quart e hloekileng "re-sol" le "sol-si" ea boraro).
• Triad e nyane ho tloha RE - RE, FA, LA. Motsoako o monyane oa botšelela ho tsoa bukeng ena ke RE, F-sharp, SI (e kholo ea boraro "re F-sharp" + pure bone "F-sharp si"). Minor quarter-sextakcord ho tloha PE - PE, SOL, SI-FLAT (quart e hloekileng "D-Sol" + e nyenyane ea boraro "G-flat").
• Keketseho ea boraro ho tloha RE - RE, F-SHARP, A-SHARP. Ho eketsoa ha molumo oa botšelela ho tloha RE - RE, F-SHARP, SI-FLAT (pele karolo ea boraro e kholo "DF-sharp", joale e fokotsehile "F-sharp B-flat"). E eketsehile kotara-sextakcord ho tloha molumo o tšoanang - RE, G-flat, B-flat (e fokotsehile quart botlaaseng "D G-flat" le karolo ea boraro e kholo ka holim'a eona "G-flat B-flat").
• Triad e fokotsehileng ho tloha RE - RE, FA, A-FLAT. Molumo oa botšelela o fokolitsoeng ho tsoa molumong ona ke RE, FA, SI ("re-fa" ke karolo e nyenyane ea boraro, "fa-si" ke ea bone e ekelitsoeng). E fokotsehile kotara ea botšelela ho tloha PE - PE, G-SHARP, SI (e eketsehile ea bone botlaaseng "D-sharp", le karolo e nyenyane ea boraro ka holim'a eona "G-sharp SI").

Liphetoho tsohle tse tharo li na le matla a tsona a ho itlhalosa 'me li sebelisoa haholo' mino mesebetsing e fapaneng.

Metsoalle e ratehang, mona ke moo re tla emisa thuto ea rona e kholo. Haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le taba ena, ka kopo li ngole maikutlong a sehlooho sena. Haeba ho hong, ho bonahala ho uena, ho sa hlalosoa ka ho hlaka, hape ikutloe u lokolohile ho ntša maikutlo a hau tabeng ena. Re lula re sebeletsa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba thepa ea rona.

Litokollong tse latelang, re tla khutlela thutong ea boraro-bo-bong ka makhetlo a mangata. Haufinyane u tla ithuta ka hore na li-triads tsa mantlha tsa mokhoa ke life, le hore na ke mesebetsi efe ea bohlokoa eo ba e etsang 'minong.

Ha re arohana, re tla u lahlela 'mino o monate. 'Mino ona, ka tsela, o qala ka pina e nyenyane ea kotara-sext!

L. van Beethoven – Moonlight Sonata (Spanish: Valentina Lisitsa)