Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov |

Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov

Ha u nahana ka baqapi ba Soviet ba moloko oa khale, oo M. Ippolitov-Ivanov e neng e le oa bona, ka boithatelo u hlolloa ke ho feto-fetoha ha mesebetsi ea bona ea pōpo. 'Me N. Myaskovsky, le R. Glier, le M. Gnesin, le Ippolitov-Ivanov ba iponahatsa ka mafolofolo mafapheng a sa tšoaneng lilemong tsa pele ka mor'a Phetohelo e Khōlō ea Bososhiale ea October.

Ippolitov-Ivanov o ile a kopana le Great October e le motho ea hōlileng tsebong, ea hōlileng tsebong le sebini. Ka nako ena, e ne e le moetsi oa li-operas tse hlano, mesebetsi e mengata ea symphonic, eo har'a eona Sketches ea Caucasian e ileng ea tsebahala haholo, hape e le sengoli sa lipina tse thahasellisang le tsa marato tse ileng tsa fumana batšoantšisi ba hloahloa ho motho oa F. Chaliapin, A. Nezhdanova. , N. Kalinina, V Petrova-Zvantseva le ba bang. Tsela ea pōpo ea Ippolitov-Ivanov e qalile ka 1882 Tiflis, moo a ileng a fihla ka mor'a ho fumana mangolo St. Petersburg Conservatory (sehlopha sa moqapi oa N. Rimsky-Korsakov) ho hlophisa lekala la Tiflis la RMS. Lilemong tsena, moqapi e monyenyane o sebelisa matla a mangata ho sebetsa (ke mookameli oa ntlo ea opera), o ruta sekolong sa 'mino,' me o etsa mesebetsi ea hae ea pele. Liteko tsa pele tsa ho qapa tsa Ippolitov-Ivanov (li-operas Ruth, Azra, Caucasian Sketches) li se li bontšitse litšobotsi tsa mokhoa oa hae ka kakaretso: melodiousness, lyricism, matla a khoheli ho mefuta e menyenyane. Botle bo hlollang ba Georgia, meetlo ea batho e thabisa 'mino oa Serussia. O rata litšōmo tsa Segeorgia, o ngola lipina tsa thoriso ka Kakheti ka 1883, 'me oa ithuta tsona.

Ka 1893, Ippolitov-Ivanov e ile ea e-ba moprofesa Moscow Conservatory, moo ka lilemo tse sa tšoaneng libini tse ngata tse tsebahalang li ithutile ho qapa le eena (S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, N. Golovanov, A. Goldenweiser, L. Nikolaev, Yu. Engel le ba bang). Qetellong ea lilemo tsa XIX-XX. e ne e tšoauoa bakeng sa Ippolitov-Ivanov qalong ea mosebetsi oa hae e le mokhanni oa Moscow Russian Private Opera. Sethaleng sa theater ena, ka lebaka la kutloisiso le 'mino oa Ippolitov-Ivanov, lipapali tsa P. Tchaikovsky The Enchantress, Mazepa, Cherevichki, tse sa kang tsa atleha lihlahisoa tsa Bolshoi Theater, li ile tsa "tsosolosoa". O ile a boela a hlophisa lihlahisoa tsa pele tsa li-opera tsa Rimsky-Korsakov (Monyaluoa oa Tsar, Tale ea Tsar Saltan, Kashchei ea sa shoeng).

Ka 1906, Ippolitov-Ivanov e ile ea e-ba motsamaisi oa pele ea khethiloeng oa Conservatory ea Moscow. Lilemong tse leshome tsa pele ho phetohelo, mesebetsi ea Ippolitov-Ivanov, mokhanni oa likopano tsa symphonic tsa RMS le likonsarete tsa Russian Choral Society, li ile tsa senoloa, moqhaka oa eona e neng e le ts'ebetso ea pele Moscow ka la 9 March, 1913 JS. Bach's Matthew Passion. Mefuta e mengata ea lithahasello tsa hae nakong ea Soviet e pharaletseng ka tsela e sa tloaelehang. Ka 1918, Ippolitov-Ivanov o ile a khethoa hore e be moreketoro oa pele oa Soviet oa Conservatory ea Moscow. O etela Tiflis habeli ho ea hlophisa bocha Tiflis Conservatory, ke mokhanni oa Bolshoi Theater e Moscow, o etella pele sehlopha sa 'mino oa opera Moscow Conservatory,' me o qeta nako e ngata a sebetsa le lihlopha tse sa tloaelehang. Lilemong tse tšoanang, Ippolitov-Ivanov e theha "Voroshilov March" e tummeng, e bolelang lefa la pōpo la M. Mussorgsky - o hlophisa sethala sa St. Basil's (Boris Godunov), o qetella "Lenyalo"; o qapa opera The Last Barricade (poloto ea ho tloha mehleng ea Paris Commune).

Har'a mesebetsi ea lilemong tsa morao tjena ho na le li-symphonic suites tse 3 lihloohong tsa batho ba Soviet East: "Likotoana tsa Turkic", "Lithabeng tsa Turkmenistan", "Litšoantšo tsa 'Mino oa Uzbekistan". Mesebetsi e mengata ea Ippolitov-Ivanov ke mohlala o rutang oa tšebeletso e sa thabiseng ho setso sa 'mino oa naha.

N. Sokolov

Liqapi:

opereishene - Ka moqhaka oa Pushkin (opera ea bana, 1881), Ruth (ka mor'a AK Tolstoy, 1887, Tbilisi Opera House), Azra (ho ea ka tšōmo ea Moorish, 1890, ibid.), Asya (ka mor'a IS Turgenev, 1900, Moscow Solodovnikov Theater), Treason (1910, Zimin Opera House, Moscow), Ole ho tloha Norland (1916, Bolshoi Theater, Moscow), Lenyalo (liketso 2-4 ho opera e sa phethoang ke MP Mussorgsky, 1931, Radio Theater, Moscow ), The Last Barricade (1933); cantata sehopotsong sa Pushkin (c. 1880); bakeng sa okhestra – symphony (1907), Caucasian sketches (1894), Iveria (1895), Turkic fragments (1925), In the steppes of Turkmenistan (c. 1932), Musical pictures of Uzbekistan, Catalan suite (1934), symphonic thothokiso, (1917) c. 1919, Mtsyri, 1924), Yar-Khmel Overture, Symphonic Scherzo (1881), Armenian Rhapsody (1895), Turkic March, Ho tloha Lipina tsa Ossian (1925), Episode from the Life of Schubert (1928), Jubile March (e nehetsoe ho K. E Voroshilov, 1931); bakeng sa balalaika ka orc. – litoro Likopanong (c. 1931); li-ensembles tsa liletsa tsa kamore - piano quartet (1893), quartet ea likhoele (1896), likotoana tse 4 bakeng sa batho ba Armenia. lihlooho tsa quartet ea likhoele (1933), Evening in Georgia (bakeng sa harepa e nang le quartet ea woodwind 1934); bakeng sa piano - likotoana tse 5 tse nyane (1900), lipina tse 22 tsa bochabela (1934); bakeng sa fiolo le piano – sonata (c. 1880), ballate ea lerato; bakeng sa cello le piano – Ho ananeloa (c. 1900); bakeng sa k'hoaere le 'mino oa liletsa – 5 litšobotsi litšoantšo (c. 1900), Hymn to Labor (ka symphony le moea. orc., 1934); tse fetang 100 tsa marato le lipina bakeng sa lentsoe le piano; mesebetsi e fetang 60 bakeng sa liletsa tsa mantsoe le libini; 'mino oa papali "Ermak Timofeevich" ke Goncharov, c. 1901); 'mino bakeng sa filimi "Karabugaz" (1934).

Mesebetsi ea bongoli: Pina ea batho ba Segeorgia le boemo ba eona ba hona joale, "Artist", M., 1895, No 45 (ho na le khatiso e fapaneng); Thuto ea li-chords, kaho le qeto ea tsona, M., 1897; lilemo tse 50 tsa ’mino oa Serussia mehopolong ea ka, M., 1934; Bua ka phetoho ea 'mino Turkey, "SM", 1934, No 12; Mantsoe a seng makae ka ho bina ha sekolo, "SM", 1935, No 2.