Baetsi ba lipale |

Balisana - libapali tsa li-epics, li-ballads tsa khale le tsa nalane ea khale. lipina. Lentsoe "S." e na nar. tšimoloho, e entsoeng ho tsoa ho leetsi “ho re”; e bontsha mokgoa o ikgethileng wa tshebetso ya sehlahiswa. mefuta e thathamisitsoeng ea setso. Ka leboea ho Russia, batšoantšisi ba epic ba ne ba boetse ba bitsoa "bapheti ba lipale", "batho ba khale". S. hangata e ne e le balemi (banna le basali). Ho ea ka setso, lentsoe “S.” a kena Ser. Lekholo la bo19 la lilemo ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa PN Rybnikov le AF Gilferding. S. nakong ea katleho ea Serussia. epic (10-16 lekholong la lilemo) ho ne ho e-na le batho bao e seng litsebi le litsebi - libini tsa lihlopha, makhotleng a likhosana, li-buffoons, joalo-joalo Ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-60. Lekholong la 19th, ha epic e qala ho rekotoa ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng, litsebi tsa S. ha lia ka tsa hlola li kopana.

S. sebelisoa e le 'ngoe, boholo ba 2-3 setso. lipina tse pheta-phetoang le ho li sebelisa ho sa natsoe litaba tsa mongolo oa mosebetsi. Botho ba S. bo ile ba bonahala khethong ea motho ka mong ea mekhoa ea thothokiso. ho hlahisa maikutlo a mongolo oa mantsoe, ho feto-fetoha ha meloli, liketsahalo, ho theha tatellano ea liketsahalo, 'me, qetellong, ho S. repertoire ka boeona. Ho itšetlehile ka tekanyo ea ponahatso ea molao-motheo oa motho ka mong mosebetsing oa S., litsebi tsa folklorists (tse latelang folklorist ea Soviet AM Astakhova) li khetholla: li-transmitters tse loanela ho hlahisa hantle ka ho fetisisa seo ba se entseng (IT Ryabinin, B. Surikov, halofo ea bobeli ea lekholong la bo2 la lilemo); S., ba iketsetsang likhatiso le liphetolelo tsa bona (TG Ryabinin - bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, NS Bogdanova, AM Pashkova - qetellong ea 19th - mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo); S. improvisers, bao nako le nako ba hlahisang morero ka tsela e ncha (VP Shchegolyonok - qetellong ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, MS Kryukova - lekholong la bo19 la lilemo). Tlas'a tšusumetso ea S. ea nang le talenta ka ho fetisisa, likolo tsa moo li ile tsa hlaha (Onega, White Sea, Pechora, Mezen, le ba bang), 'me ka mor'a bona, litloaelo tse ngata tsa sebaka seo li ile tsa hlaha. Har'a tse hlaheletseng tsa S. Rus. Leboea - TG Ryabinin, AM Kryukova, GL Kryukov, MD Krivopolenova, AP Sorokin, HS Bogdanova, GA Yakushov, FA Konashkov. Ho tumisa mosebetsi oa S. ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-20. Lekholo la bo80 la lilemo ba ile ba hlophisa litšoantšiso tsa bona tsa phatlalatsa metseng e meholo ea Russia le Zap. Europe.

Babokelli ba pele le bafuputsi ba Nar. Epic e ile ea tšoara feela mohato oa ho qetela oa ho ba teng ha eona (bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo) - haholo-holo ka leboea. mathōkong a Russia, ’me, ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, le Siberia. Ka nako ena, karolong e ka boroa ea Russia, tikolohong ea Cossack, li-epics li ile tsa fetoloa lipina tse monate, tse etsoang ke sehlopha sa lipina tsa lipina.

S. ka linako tse ling o bitsoa. baetsi ba epic ea batho ba bang ba USSR - Kazakh, Zhirshi, Turkmen. Bakhshi, Yakuts, Olonkhosutov, joalo-joalo.

References: Rybnikov PN, Tlhokomeliso ea 'mokelli, ka pokello: Lipina tse bokelitsoeng ke PN Rybnikov, karolo ea 3 - Li-epics tsa Folk, tsa khale, maeto le lipina, Petrozavodsk, 1864, vol. 1, M., 1909; Hilferding A., profinse ea Olonets le rhapsody ea eona ea setso, pokellong: Li-epics tsa Onega, tse tlalehiloeng ke AF Hilferding lehlabuleng la 1871, St. Petersburg, 1873; Lyatsky E., Narrator IT Ryabinin le li-epics tsa hae, "Ethnographic Review", 1894, buka. 23, No 4, leq. 105-35; Miller Sun. F., Essays on Russian folk literature, vol. 1, M., 1897; Lipina tsa Arkhangelsk le lipina tsa nalane tse bokelletsoeng ke AD Grigoriev ka 1899-1901, vol. 1, M., 1904, leq. 333-91 (ka 'mino oa maqephe); Onchukov N., Pechora epics, St. Petersburg, 1904, leq. I-XXXIII; Speransky M., lingoliloeng tsa molomo oa Serussia, vol. 2 - Epics. Lipina tsa Histori, ed. le ka note. M. Speransky, M., 1919, leq. VII-XX; Sokolov B., Narrators, M., 1924; Sokolov Yu. M., pale ea Serussia, M., 1938, leq. 232-46; Astakhova A., Boqapi bo makatsang ba balemi ba ka leboea, pokellong: Epics of the North, vol. 1, M.-L., 1938, leq. 7-105; ea hae, e leng sehloho sa Serussia se ka Leboea, Petrozavodsk, 1948; Ukhov PD, Byliny, pokellong: Boqapi ba thothokiso ea batho ba Russia, M., 1956, leq. 350-56.

I. Ya. Lesenchuk