Vladimir Alexandrovich Dranishnikov |

Vladimir Dranishnikov

Setsebi se Hlomphehileng sa RSFSR (1933). Ka 1909 o ile a fumana mangolo lihlopheng tsa regency tsa Lekhotla Singing Chapel ka sehlooho sa regent, ka 1916 St. Petersburg Conservatory, moo a ileng a ithuta le AK Esipova (piano), AK Lyadov, MO Steinberg, J. Vitol, VP (ho khanna ). Ka 1914 o ile a qala ho sebetsa e le sebapali sa piano ho Mariinsky Theatre. Ho tloha ka 1918 mokhanni, ho tloha ka 1925 mokhanni ea ka sehloohong le hlooho ea karolo ea 'mino ea lebala lena la liketsahalo.

Dranishnikov e ne e le mokhanni ea hlahelletseng oa opera. Ts'enolo e tebileng ea dramaturgy ea 'mino oa' mino oa opera, maikutlo a poteletseng a sethala, boqapi le bocha ba tlhaloso li ile tsa kopanngoa ho eena le kutloisiso e ntle ea ho leka-lekana pakeng tsa melao-motheo ea lentsoe le liletsa, matla a lipina - ka bongata bo boholo ba cantilena. ya modumo wa okhestra.

Tlas'a tataiso ea Dranishnikov, li-opera tsa khale li ile tsa bapaloa Mariinsky Theatre (ho kenyeletsoa Boris Godunov, phetolelong ea sengoli ea MP Mussorgsky, 1928; The Queen of Spades, 1935, le li-opera tse ling tsa PI Tchaikovsky; "Wilhelm Tell", 1932; "Troubadour", 1933), mesebetsi ea Soviet ("Bofetoheli ba Ntsu" Pashchenko, 1925; "Lerato bakeng sa Li-oranges tse tharo" Prokofiev, 1926; "Flame of Paris" Asafiev, 1932) le baqapi ba mehleng ea Europe Bophirimela ("Distant Ringing" ka Schreker , 1925; “Wozzeck” ea Berg, 1927).

Ho tloha ka 1936, Dranishnikov e bile mookameli oa bonono le mokhanni ea ka sehloohong oa Kyiv Opera Theater; lihlahisoa tse laetsoeng tsa Tapac Bulba ea Lysenko (khatiso e ncha ea BN Lyatoshinsky, 1937), Shchorc ea Lyatoshinsky (1938), Meitus' Perekop, Rybalchenko, Tica (1939). O ile a boela a etsa e le mokhanni oa symphony le piano (USSR le linaheng tse ling).

Mongoli oa lingoliloeng, mesebetsi ea 'mino ("Symphonic etude" bakeng sa piano e nang le orc., vocals, joalo-joalo) le lingoliloeng. MF Rylsky o ile a fana ka sonnet "Lefu la Mohale" mohopolong oa Dranishnikov.

Liqapi: Opera "Lerato bakeng sa Li-oranges tse tharo". Bakeng sa tlhahiso ea opera ea S. Prokofiev, ka: Lerato la lilamunu tse tharo, L., 1926; Modern Symphony Orchestra, ka: Modern Instrumentalism, L., 1927; Setaki se Hlomphehileng EB Wolf-Israel. Ho fihlela sehopotsong sa bo40 sa mosebetsi oa hae oa bonono, L., 1934; Tšoantšiso ea 'mino ea The Queen of Spades, e bokelletsoeng: The Queen of Spades. Opera ea PI Tchaikovsky, L., 1935.

Setsebi sa boholo bo matla le moea o chesehang, moqapi ea sebete, ea sibollang maemo a macha lebaleng la 'mino - ke kamoo Dranishnikov a keneng bonono ba rona. E ne e le e mong oa baqapi ba pele ba lipapali tsa opera tsa Soviet, e mong oa batsamaisi ba pele bao mosebetsi oa bona e neng e le oa mehleng ea rona.

Dranishnikov o ile a qala ka sethaleng ha a ntse a le seithuti nakong ea likonsarete tsa lehlabula Pavlovsk. Ka 1918, ha a se a fumane lengolo ka bokhabane ho Petrograd Conservatory e le sebini (le N. Cherepnin), moletsi oa piano le moqapi oa lipina, o ile a qala ho bapala Mariinsky Theater, moo a neng a kile a sebetsa e le motlatsi. Ho tloha ka nako eo, maqephe a mangata a khanyang historing ea sehlopha sena a 'nile a amahanngoa le lebitso la Dranishnikov, eo ka 1925 e ileng ea e-ba mokhanni oa eona ea ka sehloohong. O hohela batsamaisi ba hloahloa ho sebetsa, ho ntlafatsa repertoire. Likarolo tsohle tsa theater ea 'mino li ne li itšetlehile ka talenta ea hae. Mesebetsi eo a e ratang haholo ea Dranishnikov e kenyelletsa li-opera tsa Glinka, Borodin, Mussorgsky, haholo-holo Tchaikovsky (o ile a etsa The Queen of Spades, Iolanta, le Mazeppa, opera eo, ka mantsoe a Asafiev, a ileng a "fumana hape, a senola moea o ferekaneng, o chesehang oa motho enoa ea khabane, ’mino o monate, mekhoa ea oona e bontšang sebete, mantsoe a eona a bonolo, a basali”). Dranishnikov o ile a boela a fetola 'mino oa khale ("The Water Carrier" ke Cherubini, "Wilhelm Tell" ka Rossini), o ile a bululela Wagner ("Gold of the Rhine", "Death of the Gods", "Tannhäuser", "Meistersingers"), Verdi. ("Il trovatore", "La Traviata", "Othello"), Wiese ("Carmen"). Empa o ile a sebetsa ka cheseho e khethehileng mesebetsing ea mehleng ena, ka lekhetlo la pele a bontša The Rosenkavalier ea Leningrad Strauss, Lerato la Prokofiev bakeng sa Li-Orange tse Tharo, Schreker's The Distant Ringing, Revolt ea Ntsu ea Pashchenko, le Ice le Steel ea Deshevov. Qetellong, o ile a nka pina ea ballet matsohong a Drigo ea tsofetseng, a ntlafatsa Bosiu ba Egepeta, Chopiniana, Giselle, Carnival, a hlophisa The Flames of Paris. E ne e le mefuta e mengata ea mesebetsi ea sebini sena.

A re ke re phaella ka hore Dranishnikov o ne a atisa ho etsa likonsarete, moo a ileng a atleha ka ho khetheha ho Berlioz's Damnation of Faust, Tchaikovsky's First Symphony, Prokofiev's Scythian Suite, 'me e sebetsa ke French Impressionists. 'Me ts'ebetso e' ngoe le e 'ngoe, konsarete e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e tsamaisoang ke Dranishnikov e ne e etsahala moeeng oa thabo ea mokete, e tsamaisanang le liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa bo boholo ba bonono. Ka linako tse ling bahlahlobisisi ba ile ba khona ho "mo tšoara" ka liphoso tse nyenyane, ho ne ho e-na le mantsiboea ha moetsi oa litšoantšo a ne a sa ikutloe a le moeeng, empa ha ho motho ea neng a ka latola talenta ea hae ka matla a hohelang.

Setsebi sa thuto B. Asafiev, ea neng a ananela haholo bonono ba Dranishnikov, o ngotse: "Tlhaloso eohle ea hae e ne e le "khahlanong le hona joale", khahlanong le litsebi tse fokolang tsa litsebi tsa thuto. Kaha, pele ho tsohle, e ne e le sebini se nang le kutloelo-bohloko, se nang le limpho tse lumellanang, ea nang le tsebe e ka hare e ruileng, e neng e mo lumella ho utloa lintlha pele li utloahala sehlopheng sa 'mino oa liletsa, Dranishnikov ka ts'ebetso ea hae o ile a tloha' mino ho ea ho o tsamaisang, eseng ka tsela e fapaneng. O ile a hlahisa mokhoa o feto-fetohang, oa pele, o itšetlehileng ka ho feletseng ho merero, mehopolo le maikutlo, eseng feela mokhoa oa boitšisinyo ba polasetiki, boo hangata bo reretsoeng ho khahloa ke sechaba.

Dranishnikov, ea neng a lula a amehile ka ho teba ka mathata a 'mino e le puo e phelang, ke hore, pele ho tsohle, tsebo ea ho bitsa mantsoe, moo matla a ho bitsa mantsoe, ho hlalosa, a jereng moelelo oa' mino ona 'me a fetola molumo oa' mele hore e be lentsoe. Dranishnikov o ne a batla ho etsa letsoho la mokhanni - mokhoa oa mokhanni - ho etsa hore e be bonolo le e bonolo, joalo ka litho tsa puo ea motho, e le hore 'mino o utloahale ka ts'ebetso haholo-holo e le molumo o phelang, o susumetsoang ke ho chesoa ke maikutlo, molumo oa lentsoe. seo ka nnete se fetisang moelelo. Litakatso tsena tsa hae li ne li le sefofaneng se le seng le mehopolo ea baetsi ba hloahloa ba bonono ba sebele ...

… Ho tenyetseha ha “letsoho la hae le buang” ho ne ho sa tloaeleha, puo ea 'mino, moelelo oa eona oa semantic li ne li fumaneha ho eena ka likhetla tsohle tsa tekheniki le tsa setaele. Ha ho molumo o le mong o sa amaneng le moelelo o akaretsang oa mosebetsi, 'me ha ho molumo o le mong ho tsoa setšoantšong, ho tsoa ho ponahatso ea bonono ea mehopolo le ka ntle ho puo ea mantsoe - ke kamoo motho a ka qapang tumelo ea mofetoleli oa Dranishnikov. .

E le motho ea nang le tšepo ka tlhaho, o ne a batla 'mino, pele ho tsohle, tiiso ea bophelo - ka hona le mesebetsi e bohloko ka ho fetisisa, esita le mesebetsi e chefo ea lipelaelo, e ile ea qala ho utloahala eka ke moriti oa ho hloka tšepo o sa tsoa ba ama, " "Morero oa lerato la ka ho sa feleng la bophelo o ne a bina ka boeona" ... Dranishnikov o qetile lilemo tsa hae tsa ho qetela a le Kyiv, moo ho tloha ka 1936 a ileng a etella pele Opera le Ballet Theater. Shevchenko. Har'a mesebetsi ea hae e entsoeng mona ke lihlahisoa tsa "Taras Bulba" ke Lysenko, "Shchors" ka Lyatoshinsky, "Perekop" ke Meitus, Rybalchenko le Titsa. Lefu le sa lebelloang le ile la fihlela Dranishnikov mosebetsing - hang ka mor'a hore ho be le lekhetlo la pele la opera ea ho qetela.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969.