Arthur Honegger |

Arthur Honegger

Honegger ke setsebi se hloahloa, e mong oa baqapi ba 'maloa ba mehleng ea kajeno ba nang le kutloisiso ea bokhabane. E. Jourdan-Morange

Moqapi ea hlahelletseng oa Lefora A. Honegger ke e mong oa baetsi ba litšoantšo ba tsoetseng pele haholo mehleng ea rona. Bophelo bohle ba sebini sena le setsebi se nang le mekhoa e mengata e ne e le tšebeletso ho bonono ba hae bo ratoang. O ile a fana ka bokhoni ba hae bo feto-fetohang le matla ho eena ka lilemo tse ka bang 40. Tšimoloho ea mosebetsi oa moqapi e qalile lilemong tsa Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše, mesebetsi ea ho qetela e ngotsoe ka 1952-53. Peru Honegger o na le liqapi tse fetang 150, hammoho le lingoliloeng tse ngata tsa bohlokoa tse mabapi le litaba tse fapaneng tse tukang tsa bonono ba 'mino ba sejoale-joale.

Letsoalloa la Le Havre, Honegger o qetile boholo ba bocha ba hae Switzerland, naha ea habo batsoali ba hae. O ithutile 'mino ho tloha bongoaneng, empa eseng ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng, ebang ke Zurich kapa Le Havre. Ka tieo, o ile a qala ho ithuta ho qapa ha a le lilemo li 18 ho Conservatory ea Paris le A. Gedalzh (mosuoe oa M. Ravel). Mona, moqapi oa ka moso o ile a kopana le D. Milhaud, eo, ho ea ka Honegger, a neng a e-na le tšusumetso e kholo ho eena, a kenya letsoho ho thehoeng ha litakatso tsa hae le thahasello ea 'mino oa kajeno.

Tsela ea pōpo ea moqapi e ne e le thata. Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-20. o ile a kena sehlopheng sa pōpo sa libini, seo bahlahlobisisi ba neng ba se bitsa "French Six" (ho ea ka palo ea litho tsa eona). Ho lula ha Honegger sechabeng sena ho ile ha fana ka tšusumetso e kholo ponahatsong ea likhohlano tsa maikutlo le tsa bonono mosebetsing oa hae. O ile a lefa sethabathaba se hlokomelehang ho constructivism sehlopheng sa hae sa okhestra Pacific 231 (1923). Tšebetso ea eona ea pele e ne e tsamaea le katleho e tsotehang, 'me mosebetsi o ile oa fumana botumo bo lerata har'a barati ba mefuta eohle ea lihlahisoa tse ncha. Honegger oa ngola: "Qalong ke bitsitse sekhechana sa Symphonic Movement. “Empa … Rugby” le ho “Symphonic Movement No. 231”.

Leha ho le joalo, ho sa tsotellehe maqhama a pōpo le "Tšeletseng", moqapi o 'nile a khetholloa ke boikemelo ba monahano oa bonono, oo qetellong o ileng oa khetha moeli o ka sehloohong oa tsoelo-pele ea mosebetsi oa hae. E se e le bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-20. Honegger o ile a qala ho etsa mesebetsi ea hae e ntle ka ho fetisisa, e nang le botho le demokrasi. Moqapi oa bohlokoa e ne e le oratorio "Morena Davida". O ile a bula letoto le lelelele la lipina tsa hae tse kholo tsa mantsoe le tsa 'mino oa liletsa "Calls of the World", "Judith", "Antigone", "Joan oa Arc thupeng", "Dance of the Dead". Libukeng tsena, Honegger ka boikemelo le ka bomong o hana mekhoa e fapaneng ea bonono ea mehleng ea hae, o leka ka matla ho kenyelletsa mehopolo e phahameng ea boitšoaro e nang le boleng bo sa feleng ba bokahohleng. Ke ka hona ho ipiletsang ho lihlooho tsa khale, tsa Bibele le tsa mehleng e bohareng.

Mesebetsi e metle ea Honegger e fetile mekhahlelo e meholo ea lefats'e, e hohela bamameli ka khanya ea maikutlo le bocha ba puo ea 'mino. Moqapi ka boeena o ile a sebetsa ka mafolofolo e le mokhanni oa mesebetsi ea hae linaheng tse 'maloa tsa Europe le Amerika. Ka 1928 o ile a etela Leningrad. Mona, likamano tsa botsoalle le tsa pōpo li ile tsa thehoa pakeng tsa Honegger le libini tsa Soviet Union, haholo-holo le D. Shostakovich.

Mosebetsing oa hae, Honegger o ne a sa batle merero le mefuta e mecha feela, empa hape le momameli e mocha. "'Mino o tlameha ho fetola sechaba 'me o ipiletse ho batho ba bangata," moqapi o ile a pheha khang. Empa bakeng sa sena, o hloka ho fetola sebopeho sa hae, ho ba bonolo, ho se rarahane le ka mefuta e meholo. Batho ha ba tsotelle mokhoa oa moqapi le lipatlisiso. Ena ke mofuta oa 'mino oo ke ileng ka leka ho o fa "Jeanne thupeng". Ke ile ka leka ho fumaneha habonolo ho momameli ea tloaelehileng le ho thahasellisa ho sebini.”

Litakatso tsa demokrasi tsa moqapi li ile tsa bonahala mosebetsing oa hae mefuteng ea 'mino le e sebelisoang. O ngola haholo bakeng sa cinema, seea-le-moea, terama ea litšoantšiso. E le setho sa French People's Music Federation ka 1935, Honegger, hammoho le libini tse ling tse hatelang pele, ba ile ba kenela sehlopha sa "anti-fascist Popular Front". Lilemong tsena, o ile a ngola lipina tse ngata, a etsa liphetoho tsa lipina tsa setso, a kenya letsoho tlhophisong ea 'mino oa litšoantšiso ka mokhoa oa mekete e mengata ea Phetohelo e Khōlō ea Sefora. Tsoelo-pele e loketseng ea mosebetsi oa Honegger e ne e le mosebetsi oa hae lilemong tse bohloko tsa mosebetsi oa fascist oa Fora. E le setho sa mokhatlo oa bohanyetsi, joale o ile a theha libuka tse ngata tsa litaba tse tebileng tsa ho rata naha. Tsena ke Symphony ea Bobeli, Lipina tsa Tokoloho le 'mino oa lenaneo la seea-le-moea la Beats of the World. Hammoho le popo ea mantsoe le ea oratorio, li-symphonies tsa hae tse 5 le tsona ke tsa likatleho tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa moqapi. Ea ho qetela ea tsona e ngotsoe tlas'a maikutlo a tobileng a liketsahalo tse bohloko tsa ntoa. Ha ba bua ka mathata a tukang a mehla ea rona, e bile tlatsetso e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea mofuta oa symphonic oa lekholo la XNUMX la lilemo.

Honegger o ile a senola tumelo ea hae ea boqapi eseng feela ka boqapi ba 'mino, empa hape le mesebetsing ea bongoli: o ngotse libuka tse 3 tsa' mino le tse seng tsa nnete. Ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlooho tsa lefa la bohlokoa la moqapi, mathata a 'mino oa sejoale-joale le bohlokoa ba ona sechabeng a nka sebaka sa mantlha. Lilemong tsa ho qetela tsa bophelo ba hae, moqapi o ile a amoheloa lefatšeng ka bophara, e ne e le ngaka e hlomphehang ea Univesithi ea Zurich, 'me a etella pele mekhatlo e mengata e nang le matla ea' mino ea machaba.

I. Vetlitsyna

Liqapi:

opereishene – Judith (terama ea Bibele, 1925, 2nd ed., 1936), Antigone (lyric tragedy, lib. J. Cocteau after Sophocles, 1927, tr “De la Monnaie”, Brussels), Eaglet (L'aiglon , hammoho le G. Iber, e thehiloeng tšoantšisong ea E. Rostand, 1935, e qalileng ka 1937, Monte Carlo), ballet - 'Nete ke leshano (Vèritè - mensonge, puppet ballet, 1920, Paris), Skating-Ring (Skating-Rink, Swedish roller ballet, 1921, poso. 1922, Champs Elysees Theatre, Paris), Fantasy (Phantasie, ballet- sketch , 1922), Under Water (Sous-marine, 1924, post. 1925, Opera Comic, Paris), Metal Rose (Rose de mètal, 1928, Paris), Lenyalo la Cupid le Psyche (Les noces d 'Amour et Psychè, ka themes of “French Suites” by Bach, 1930, Paris), Semiramide (ballet-melodrama, 1931, post. 1933, Grand Opera, Paris), Icarus (1935, Paris), The White Bird Has Flew ( Un oiseau blanc s' est envolè, ​​​​bakeng sa mokete oa lifofane, 1937, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris), Pina ea Lipina (Le cantique des cantiques, 1938, Grand Opera, Paris), The Birth of Color (La naissance des couleurs, 1940, ibid.), The Call of the Mountains (L'appel de la montagne, 1943, post. 1945, ibid.), Shota Rustaveli (hammoho le A. Tcherepnin, T. Harshanyi, 1945, Monte Carlo), Man in a Leopard Letlalo (L'homme a la peau de lèopard, 1946); operetta - The Adventures of King Pozol (Les aventures du roi Pausole, 1930, tr "Buff-Parisien", Paris), Botle bo tsoang Moudon (La belle de Moudon, 1931, tr "Jora", Mézières), Baby Cardinal (Les petites Cardinal , le J. Hibert, 1937, Bouffe-Parisien, Paris); sethaleng oratorios – Morena David (Le roi David, e ipapisitse le tšoantšiso ea R. Moraks, khatiso ea 1 – Symphonic psalme, 1921, tr “Zhora”, Mezieres; khatiso ea bobeli – dramatic oratorio, 2; khatiso ea 1923 – opera -oratorio, 3, Paris ), Amphion (melodrama, 1924, post. 1929, Grand Opera, Paris), oratorio Cries of Peace (Cris du monde, 1931), dramatic oratorio Joan oa Arc thupeng (Jeanne d' Arc au bucher, mongolo oa P. Claudel, 1931, Spanish 1935, Basel), oratorio Dance of the Dead (La danse des morts, text by Claudel, 1938), dramatic legend Nicolas de Flue (1938, post. 1939, Neuchâtel ), Christmas Cantata (Une cantate de Noel , libukeng tsa litšebeletso le tsa batho, 1941); bakeng sa okhestra - 5 symphonies (ea pele, 1930; ea bobeli, 1941; Liturgical, Liturgique, 1946; Basel pleasures, Deliciae Basilienses, 1946, symphony of three res, Di tre re, 1950), Prelude to the terama "Aglavena ("Malludelide Selideck) pour ” Aglavaine et Sèlysette”, 1917), The Song of Nigamon (Le chant de Nigamon, 1917), The Legend of the Games of the World (Le dit des jeux du monde, 1918), Suite Summer Pastoral (Pastorale d'ètè , 1920), Mimic Symphony Horace- mohapi (Horace victorieux, 1921), Song of Joy (Chant de joie, 1923), Selelekela sa The Tempest ea Shakespeare (Prèlude pour “La tempete”, 1923), Pacific 231 (Pacific 231, 1923 ), Rugby (Rugby, 1928) , Symphonic movement No 3 (Mouvement symphonique No3, 1933), Suite ho tloha 'mino oa filimi "Les Misérables" ("Les misèrables", 1934), Nocturne (1936), Serenade Angélique (Sèrenade Angélique) tšela Angèlique, 1945), Suite archaique (Suite archaique , 1951), Monopartita (Monopartita, 1951); likonsarete le okhestra - concertino bakeng sa piano (1924), bakeng sa Volch. (1929), chamber concerto for flute, English. lenaka le likhoele. kapa. (1948); li-ensembles tsa liletsa tsa kamore - Li-sonata tse 2 bakeng sa Skr. le fp. (1918, 1919), sonata bakeng sa viola le piano. (1920), sonata bakeng sa vlc. le fp. (1920), sonatina bakeng sa 2 Skr. (1920), sonatina bakeng sa clarinet le piano. (1922), sonatina bakeng sa Skr. le VC. (1932), likhoele tse 3. quartet (1917, 1935, 1937), Rhapsody bakeng sa liphala tse 2, clarinet le piano. (1917), Pina ea likhoele tse 10 (1920), li-counterpoints tse 3 tsa piccolo, oboe, skr. le VC. (1922), Prelude le Blues bakeng sa harepa quartet (1925); bakeng sa piano - Scherzo, Humoresque, Adagio expressivo (1910), Toccata and Variations (1916), likotoana tse 3 (Selelekela, Boinehelo ho Ravel, Hommage a Ravel, Dance, 1919), likotoana tse 7 (1920), Sarabande ho tsoa ho albamo ea "Six" ( 1920) , Swiss Notebook (Cahier Romand, 1923), Dedication to Roussel (Hommage a A. Rousell, 1928), Suite (bakeng sa 2 fp., 1928), Prelude, arioso and fughetta on BACH theme (1932), Partita ( bakeng sa 2 fp., 1940), 2 sketches (1943), Memories of Chopin (Souvenir de Chopm, 1947); bakeng sa fiolo ea solo - sonata (1940); bakeng sa setho sa mmele - fugue le chorale (1917), bakeng sa lekolilo - Motjeko oa pōli (Danse de la chevre, 1919); marato le dipina, ho kenyelletsa le G. Apollinaire e latelang, P. Verlaine, F. Jammes, J. Cocteau, P. Claudel, J. Laforgue, R. Ronsard, A. Fontaine, A. Chobanian, P. Faure le ba bang; 'mino oa litšoantšiso tsa terama – The Legend of the Games of the World (P. Meralya, 1918), Dance of Death (C. Larronda, 1919), Banyalani ba sa tsoa nyalana ho Eiffel Tower (Cocteau, 1921), Saul (A. Zhida, 1922), Antigone ( Sophocles – Cocteau, 1922) , Lilyuli (R. Rolland, 1923), Phaedra (G. D'Annunzio, 1926), July 14 (R. Rolland; mmoho le baqapi ba bang, 1936), Silk slipper (Claudel, 1943), Karl the Bold (R Morax, 1944), Prometheus (Aeschylus – A. Bonnard, 1944), Hamlet (Shakespeare – Gide, 1946), Oedipus (Sophocles – A. Both, 1947), State of Siege (A. Camus, 1948) ), Ka lerato ha ba soasoe (A. Musset, 1951), Oedipus the King (Sophocles – T. Molniera, 1952); mmino bakeng sa radio - lichapo tse 12 har'a mp'a bosiu (Les 12 coups de minuit, C. Larronda, radiomystery for choir and orc., 1933), Radio panorama (1935), Christopher Columbus (V. Age, radio oratorio, 1940), Beatings of the world ( Battements du monde, Age, 1944), The Golden Head (Tete d'or, Claudel, 1948), St. Francis oa Assisi (Lilemo, 1949), Tefo ea François Villon (J. Bruire, 1951); mmino bakeng sa lifilimi (35), ho akarelletsa le “Bokebekoa le Kotlo” (ho ea ka FM Dostoevsky), “Les Misérables” (ho ea ka V. Hugo), “Pygmalion” (ho ea ka B. Shaw), “Abduction” (ho ea ka Sh. F. Ramyu), "Captain Fracas" (ho ea ka T. Gauthier), "Napoleon", "Flight over the Atlantic".

Mesebetsi ea bongoli: Incantation aux fossiles, Lausanne (1948); Je suis compositeur, (P., 1951) (phetolelo ea Serussia - Ke moqapi, L., 1963); Nachklang. Schriften, Lifoto. Tokomane, Z., (1957).

References: Shneerson GM, 'mino oa Sefora oa lekholong la XX la lilemo, M., 1964, 1970; Yarustovsky B., Symphony mabapi le ntoa le khotso, M., 1966; Rappoport L., Arthur Honegger, L., 1967; hae, Likarolo tse ling tsa A. Honegger's Harmony, in Sat: Problems of Mode, M., 1972; Drumeva K., Dramatic oratorio ka A. Honegger "Joan of Arc at the stake", pokellong: Ho tloha historing ea 'mino oa linaheng tse ling, M., 1971; Sysoeva E., Lipotso tse ling tsa symphonism ea A. Honegger, ka pokello: Ho tloha historing ea 'mino oa linaheng tse ling, M., 1971; ea hae, A. Onegger's Symphonies, M., 1975; Pavchinsky S, mesebetsi ea Symphonic ea A. Onegger, M., 1972; George A., A. Honegger, P., 1926; Gerard C, A. Honegger, (Brux., 1945); Bruyr J., Honegger et son oeuvre, P., (1947); Delannoy M., Honegger, P., (1953); Tappolet W., A. Honegger, Z., (1954), id. (Neucntel, 1957); Jourdan-Morhange H., Mes amis musiciens, P., 1955 Guilbert J., A. Honegger, P., (1966); Dumesnil R., Histoire de la musique, t. 1959- La première moitiè du XX-e sícle, P., 5 (phetolelo ea Serussia ea likhechana - Dumesnil R., Baqapi ba Sefora ba Sejoale-joale ba sehlopha sa Six, ed. le sehlooho se qalang M. Druskina, L., 1960); Peschotte J., A. Honegger. L'homme et son Oeuvre, P., 1964.