Sistimi ea Chromatic |

Sistimi ea Chromatic - tsamaiso ea mehato e leshome le metso e 'meli, molumo o atolositsoeng, - mokhoa oa ho lumellana ha molumo o lumellang, ka har'a tonali e fanoeng, molumo oa sebopeho leha e le sefe ho e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ea mehato e leshome le metso e' meli ea sekala sa chromatic.

E tobileng bakeng sa X. ka. ke mehato e sa kenyelletsoeng ho li-diatonic kapa mekhoa e meholo e meholo (sheba Diatonic, Major-manyane) 'me ha se li-harmonies tsa li-subsystems (liphapang) ho tsona; mohlala ho tšoailoe ka lintlha tse ntšo:

Mohlala oa ts'ebeliso ea tumellano ho tsoa ho X. le:

SS Prokofiev. "Betrothal in Monastery" ("Duenna"), setšoantšo sa 1. (Chord X. s. n II e sebetsa sebakeng sa DV mona ho latela molao-motheo oa phetoho ea tritone.)

Harmony X. s. e be le kganya e kgolo le ho kganya ha modumo. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha ea X. c. - ka ho boloka motheo oa mono-mode (chromatic e kholo kapa e nyenyane ea chromatic; mesebetsing ea SS Prokofiev) le ka ho hana (chromatic tonality ntle le ho hlalosa mokhoa; ka P. Hindemith). Mekhoa ea mefuta e 'meli e sebelisoa ka bobeli le setsi ka mokhoa oa consoner. consonance (sheba mohlala o ka holimo; hape fugue ho C ho tloha ho Hindemith's Ludus tonalis), le ka dissonance. setsi (sehlooho se seholo sa "Great Sacred Dance" ho tloha "The Rite of Spring" ka IF Stravinsky; sehlooho se seholo sa karolo ea 2 ea "Lyrical Suite" ka Berg). Dep. diponahatso tsa X. ka. e se e fumaneha 'minong oa lekholong la bo19 la lilemo. (AP Borodin, ho koala cadence ea "Polovtsian Dances" ho tloha opera "Prince Igor": HV-I), empa e tloaelehile haholo 'mino oa tonal oa lekholong la bo20 la lilemo. (DD Shostakovich, N. Ya. Myaskovsky, AI Khachaturyan, TN Khrennikov, DB Kabalevsky, RK Shchedrin, A. Ya. Eshpay, RS Ledenev, B Bartok, A. Schoenberg, A. Webern le ba bang).

Maikutlong a mahlale a 'mino X. ka. e behiloe pele ke SI Taneev (1880, 1909) le BL Yavorsky (1908). Lentsoe "chromatic tonality" le sebelisitsoe ke Schoenberg (1911). Tlhaloso ea kajeno X. s. e fanoeng ke VM Belyaev (1930). Ka ho qaqileng khopolo ea X. ka. ntshetswa pele ka 60s. Lekholo la bo20 la lilemo (M. Skorik, SM Slonimsky, ME Tarakanov, joalo-joalo).

References: Taneev SI, Lengolo le eang ho PI Tchaikovsky la la 6 August, 1880, bukeng: PI Tchaikovsky - SI Taneev, Letters, (M.), 1951; ea hae, Movable counterpoint ea ho ngola ka thata, Leipzig, 1909, M., 1959; Yavorsky B., Sebopeho sa puo ea 'mino, karolo ea 1, M., 1908; Catuar GL, Thuto ea Khopolo ea kutloano, likarolo 1-2, M., 1924-1925; Belyaev VM, "Boris Godunov" ka Mussorgsky. Boiphihlelo ba tlhahlobo ea thematic le theory, bukeng: Mussorgsky, Articles and research, vol. 1, M., 1930; Ogolevets AS, Selelekela sa monahano oa kajeno oa 'mino, M.-L., 1946; Skorik MM, Prokofiev le Schoenberg, "SM", 1962, No 1; ea hae, tsamaiso ea Ladovaya S. Prokofiev, K., 1969; Slonimsky SM, Symphonies ea Prokofiev. Boiphihlelo ba lipatlisiso, M.-L., 1964; Tiftikidi N., Chromatic system, "Musicology", vol. 3, Alma-Ata, 1967; Tarakanov ME, Mokhoa oa li-symphonies tsa Prokofiev, M., 1968; Schoenberg A., Harmonielehre, W., 1911; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Bd 1, Mainz, 1937; Kohoutek S., Novodobé skladebné smery v hudbe, Praha, 1965 (phetolelo ea Serussia - Kohoutek Ts., Mokhoa oa ho qapa 'mino oa lekholong la 1976th, M., XNUMX).

Yu. N. Kholopov