Ralph Vaughan Williams |

Ralph Vaughan Williams

Moqapi oa Lenyesemane, sebini le 'mino oa sechaba, 'mokelli le mofuputsi oa lipina tsa 'mino oa Senyesemane. O ile a ithuta Trinity College, Univesithi ea Cambridge le C. Wood le Royal College of Music London (1892-96) le X. Parry le C. Stanford (moqapi), W. Parrett (setho); e ntlafalitse ho qaptjoa le M. Bruch Berlin, le M. Ravel Paris. Ho tloha ka 1896-99 e ne e le setho sa ogani Kerekeng ea South Lambeth London. Ho tloha ka 1904 e bile setho sa Folk Song Society. Ho tloha ka 1919 o ile a ruta ho qapa ho Royal College of Music (ho tloha ka 1921 moprofesa). Ka 1920-28 hlooho ea Bach Choir.

Vaughan Williams ke e mong oa bathehi ba sekolo se secha sa Senyesemane sa ho qapa ("Renaissance ea 'mino oa Senyesemane"), se phatlalalitseng tlhokahalo ea ho theha' mino oa litsebi oa naha o thehiloeng mekhoeng ea 'mino oa Senyesemane le litloaelo tsa litsebi tsa Senyesemane tsa 16th le 17th; o ile a tiisa maikutlo a hae ka mosebetsi oa hae, a a kenyelletsa mesebetsing ea mefuta e fapaneng: 3 "Norfolk rhapsodies" ("Norfolk rhapsodies", 1904-06) bakeng sa sehlopha sa 'mino oa liletsa tsa symphony, litoro tsa sehlooho sa Tallis bakeng sa sehlopha sa 'mino oa liletsa tse peli ("Fantasia on sehlooho sa Tallis ", 1910), 2nd London Symphony ("London symphony", 1914, 2nd ed. 1920), opera "Hugh the Gurtmaker" (op. 1914), joalo-joalo.

Liphihlello tsa hae tse kholo ka ho fetisisa ke lebaleng la 'mino oa simphonic le oa libini. Libukeng tse 'maloa tsa li-symphonic tsa Vaughan Williams, likarolo tsa nalane ea batho ba Manyesemane li kentsoe, litšoantšo tsa nnete tsa bophelo ba Engelane ea sejoale-joale li bōpiloe, lisebelisoa tsa' mino tseo a li huletseng haholo-holo ho tsoa mekhoeng ea 'mino oa Senyesemane.

Lingoliloeng tsa Vaughan-Williams tsa symphonic li khetholloa ka sebōpeho sa tsona se tsotehang (4th symphony), ho hlaka ha melodic, bokhoni ba ho tsamaisa lentsoe, le bohlale ba 'mino oa liletsa, moo tšusumetso ea Impressionists e utloahala. Har'a lipina tsa bohlokoahali tsa mantsoe, symphonic le choral ke oratorios le cantatas tse reretsoeng ho sebetsa kereke. Har'a li-opera, "Sir John in Love" ("Sir John in Love", 1929, e thehiloeng ho "The Windsor Gossips" ea W. Shakespeare) o thabela katleho e kholo ka ho fetisisa. Vaughan Williams e ne e le e mong oa baqapi ba pele ba Senyesemane ba neng ba sebetsa ka mafolofolo filiming (symphony ea hae ea bo7 e ngotsoe motheong oa 'mino oa filimi e buang ka mofuputsi oa polar RF Scott).

Mosebetsi oa Vaughan-Williams o khetholloa ka boholo ba mehopolo, tšimoloho ea mekhoa ea 'mino le e hlalosang maikutlo, mekhoa ea botho le ea ho rata naha. Mosebetsi oa Vaughan-Williams oa bongoli le boqolotsi ba litaba o phethile karolo ea bohlokoa ho thehoeng ha moetlo oa 'mino oa Senyesemane oa lekholong la bo20 la lilemo.

MM Yakovlev

Liqapi:

opereishene (6) - Hugh mokhanni (1924, London), Kako e chefo (Kako e chefo, 1936, Cambridge), Bapalami ho ea leoatleng (1937, London), Tsoelo-pele ea moeti, ha ho Benyan, 1951, London) le ba bang. ; ballet — Old King Cole (Old King Cole, 1923), Christmas night (Bosiung ba Keresemese, 1926, Chicago), Job (Job, 1931, London); lipuo-puo, cantatas; bakeng sa okhestra - li-symphonies tse 9 (1909-58), ho kenyeletsoa. software - 1st, Marine (A sea symphony, 1910, bakeng sa k'hoaere, soloists le 'mino oa liletsa ho mantsoe a W. Whitman), 3rd, Pastoral (Pastoral, 1921), 6th (1947, ka mor'a "Sefefo" ka U. Shakespeare), 7th, Antarctic (Sinfonia antarctica, 1952); likonsarete tsa liletsa, lihlopha tsa kamore; lipina tsa piano le litho tsa 'mele; lihlopha tsa libini, lipina; litokisetso tsa lipina tsa batho ba Senyesemane; mmino bakeng sa theatre le cinema.

Mesebetsi ea bongoli: Sebopeho sa mmino. Afterword and notes by SA Kondratiev, M., 1961.

References: Konen W., Ralph Vaughan Williams. Essay ka bophelo le boiqapelo, M., 1958.