Isaak Osipovich Dunaevsky (Isaak Dunaevsky) |

Isaac Dunaevsky

… Ke nehetse mosebetsi oa ka ho bacha ka ho sa feleng. Nka bolela ntle le ho fetelletsa litaba hore ha ke ngola pina e ncha kapa pina e ’ngoe, kelellong kamehla ke e lebisa ho bacha ba rōna. I. Dunayevsky

Talenta e kholo ea Dunayevsky e ile ea senoloa ka tekanyo e kholo ka ho fetisisa tšimong ea mefuta ea "leseli". E ne e le moetsi oa pina e ncha ea Soviet mass, 'mino oa pele oa jazz, metlae ea' mino, operetta. Moqapi o ne a batla ho tlatsa mefuta ena e haufi le bacha ka botle ba 'nete, mosa o poteletseng, le tatso e phahameng ea bonono.

Lefa la pōpo la Dunaevsky le leholo haholo. O na le li-operetta tse 14, li-ballet tse 3, li-cantata tse 2, libini tse 80, lipina le marato tse 80, 'mino oa litšoantšiso tse 88 le lifilimi tse 42, lipina tse 43 tsa mefuta e fapaneng le tse 12 tsa okhestra ea jazz, 17 melodeclamations, 52 symphonic le 47 mesebetsi ea piano.

Dunayevsky o hlahetse lelapeng la mohiruoa. ’Mino o ne o tsamaea le eena ho tloha bonyenyaneng. Mantsiboeeng a 'mino a ntlafalitsoeng a ne a atisa ho tšoareloa ntlong ea Dunaevsky, moo, ka moea o fokolang, Isaac e monyenyane le eena o ne a le teng. Ka Lisontaha, o ne a atisa ho mamela sehlopha sa ’mino oa liletsa serapeng sa toropo, ’me ha a khutlela hae, o ne a mamela piano a mamela lipina tsa 'macha le li-waltze tseo a neng a li hopola. Matsatsi a phomolo a sebele bakeng sa moshemane eo e ne e le ho etela lebaleng la liketsahalo, moo litšoantšiso tsa Seukraine le Serussia le lihlopha tsa opera li neng li etsa leetong.

Ha a le lilemo li 8, Dunaevsky o ile a qala ho ithuta ho bapala fiolo. Katleho ea hae e ne e le e tsotehang hoo e seng e le ka 1910 e se e le seithuti sa Kharkov Musical College sehlopheng sa fiolo sa Moprofesa K. Gorsky, ka nako eo I. Ahron, setsebi se hloahloa sa fiolo, mosuoe le moqapi. Dunayevsky o ile a boela a ithuta le Ahron Kharkov Conservatory, eo a ileng a fumana lengolo ho eona ka 1919. Nakong ea lilemo tsa hae tsa Conservatory, Dunayevsky o ile a qapa haholo. Tichere ea hae ea ho qapa e ne e le S. Bogatyrev.

Ho tloha bongoaneng, ha a ne a ratana le lebaleng la liketsahalo, Dunayevsky, ntle le qea-qeo, o ile a tla ho eona ka mor'a ho fumana lengolo la Conservatory. “Sinelnikov Drama Theater ka nepo e ne e nkoa e le motlotlo oa Kharkov,” ’me motsamaisi oa eona oa bonono e ne e le “e mong oa batho ba hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa lebaleng la liketsahalo la Russia.”

Qalong, Dunaevsky o ne a sebetsa e le sebapali sa violinist sehlopheng sa 'mino oa liletsa, joale e le mokhanni,' me qetellong, e le hlooho ea karolo ea 'mino ea lebaleng la liketsahalo. Ka nako e ts'oanang, o ile a ngola 'mino bakeng sa litšoantšiso tsohle tse ncha.

Ka 1924, Dunaevsky o ile a fallela Moscow, moo ka lilemo tse 'maloa a ileng a sebetsa e le motsamaisi oa' mino oa "Hermitage theater". Ka nako ena, o ngola operetta ea hae ea pele: "Bobeli ho ea rona le ea hau", "Grooms", "Lithipa", "Mosebetsi oa Tona-khōlō". Empa tsena e ne e le mehato ea pele feela. Litšobotsi tsa 'nete tsa moqapi li ile tsa hlaha hamorao.

Selemo sa 1929 e bile ketsahalo ea bohlokoahali bophelong ba Dunayevsky. Nako e ncha, ea khōlo ea mosebetsi oa hae oa pōpo e ile ea qala, e leng se ileng sa mo tlisetsa botumo bo mo tšoanelang. Dunayevsky o ile a memeloa ke motsamaisi oa 'mino Holong ea' Mino ea Leningrad. "Ka khahleho ea hae, bohlale le bonolo, ka botsebi ba hae bo phahameng, o ile a hapa lerato le tiileng la sehlopha sohle sa pōpo," ho hopola moetsi oa litšoantšo N. Cherkasov.

Holong ea 'Mino ea Leningrad, L. Utyosov o ne a lula a bapala ka jazz ea hae. Kahoo ho ne ho e-na le seboka sa libini tse peli tse babatsehang, tse ileng tsa fetoha setsoalle sa nako e telele. Hang-hang Dunaevsky o ile a thahasella jazz 'me a qala ho ngola' mino bakeng sa sehlopha sa Utyosov. O thehile li-rhapsodies lipina tse tummeng tsa baqapi ba Soviet, ka Serussia, Seukraine, lihlooho tsa Sejuda, litoro tsa jazz lihloohong tsa lipina tsa hae, jj.

Dunayevsky le Utyosov hangata ba ne ba sebetsa hammoho. Utyosov o ngotse: "Ke ne ke rata liboka tsena. - "Ke ile ka khahloa haholo ke Dunaevsky ka bokhoni ba ho inehela ka ho feletseng 'mino, ke sa hlokomele tikoloho."

Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-30. Dunayevsky o retelehela ho 'mino oa lifilimi. O fetoha moetsi oa mofuta o mocha - metlae ea lifilimi tsa 'mino. Nako e ncha, e khanyang ho nts'etsopele ea pina ea boima ba Soviet, e ileng ea kena bophelong ho tloha skrineng sa lifilimi, e boetse e amahanngoa le lebitso la hae.

Ka 1934, filimi ea "Merry Fellows" e ile ea hlaha lipapaling tsa naha le 'mino oa Dunaevsky. Filimi ena e ile ea amoheloa ka cheseho ke batho ba bangata ba mametseng. "March of the Merry Guys" (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach) e ile ea tsamaea ka ho toba ho pholletsa le naha, ea pota-pota lefats'e lohle 'me ea e-ba e' ngoe ea lipina tsa pele tsa bacha tsa machaba mehleng ea rona. Le "Kakhovka" e tummeng ho tloha filiming ea "Comrades Three" (1935, bonono. M. Svetlova)! E ile ea binoa ka cheseho ke bacha lilemong tsa kaho ea khotso. E ne e boetse e tumme nakong ea Ntoa e Khōlō ea Bochaba. The Song of the Motherland ho tsoa filiming ea Circus (1936, bonono ea V. Lebedev-Kumach) le eona e ile ea hapa botumo lefatšeng ka bophara. Dunayevsky o ile a boela a ngola 'mino o monate oa lifilimi tse ling: "Bana ba Captain Grant", "Ba batlang Thabo", "Molebeli oa Lipheo", "Monyaluoa ea ruileng", "Volga-Volga", "Bright Path", "Kuban Cossacks".

A khahliloe ke mosebetsi oa cinema, ho qapa lipina tse tummeng, Dunaevsky ha aa ka a retelehela ho operetta ka lilemo tse 'maloa. O ile a khutlela mofuteng oo a o ratang haholo qetellong ea lilemo tsa bo-30. e se e le monghadi ya hodileng.

Nakong ea Ntoa e Khōlō ea Bochaba, Dunayevsky o ile a etella pele pina le tantši e kopaneng ea Central House of Culture of Railway Workers. Kae kapa kae moo sehlopha sena se neng se sebetsa teng - sebakeng sa Volga, Asia Bohareng, Bochabela bo Hōle, Urals le Siberia, ho kenya mahlahahlaha ho basebetsi ba ka pele ho malapa, ho tšepa tlhōlo ea Sesole sa Soviet holim'a sera. Ka nako e ts'oanang, Dunayevsky o ile a ngola lipina tse sebete, tse bohale tse ileng tsa tsebahala ka pele.

Qetellong, ntoa ea ho qetela e ile ea qhoma. Naha e ne e folisa maqeba a eona. Mme bophirima, monko wa sethunya hape.

Lilemong tsena, ntoa ea khotso e fetohile sepheo se seholo sa batho bohle ba nang le boikemisetso bo botle. Dunayevsky, joaloka baetsi ba litšoantšo tse ling tse ngata, o ne a kopanela ka mafolofolo ntoeng ea khotso. Ka la 29 August, 1947, operetta ea hae ea “Moea o sa Feleng” e ile ea tšoaroa ka katleho e khōlō Holong ea Lipapali ea Operetta ea Moscow. Sehlooho sa ntoa ea khotso se boetse se kenyelelitsoe filiming ea litokomane e nang le 'mino oa Dunaevsky "Re bakeng sa khotso" (1951). Pina ea lipina tse monate e tsoang filiming ena, "Fly, doves," e ile ea tsebahala lefatšeng ka bophara. E ile ea fetoha letšoao la Mokete oa Bacha oa Lefatše oa VI Moscow.

Mosebetsi oa ho qetela oa Dunaevsky, operetta White Acacia (1955), ke mohlala o babatsehang oa Soviet lyrical operetta. Ka cheseho e kaakang moqapi o ile a ngola "pina ea hae ea li-swan", eo ho seng mohla a kileng a tlameha ho e "binela holimo"! Lefu le ile la mo lahlela fatše har’a mosebetsi oa hae. Moqapi K. Molchanov o ile a qeta operetta ho ea ka litšoantšo tse siiloeng ke Dunayevsky.

Tlhōrō ea "White Acacia" e etsahetse ka November 15, 1955 Moscow. E ne e bapaloa ke Odessa Theater of Musical Comedy. I. Grinshpun, molaoli ea ka sehloohong oa lebala la liketsahalo, o ile a ngola a re: "'Me hoa soabisa ho nahana hore Isaak Osipovich ha aa ka a bona White Acacia sethaleng, e ne e ke ke ea e-ba bopaki ba thabo eo ae fileng batšoantšisi le bamameli. … Empa e ne e le sebini thabo ea motho!

M. Komissarskaya

Liqapi:

ballet – Rest of a Faun (1924), ballet ea bana Murzilka (1924), City (1924), Ballet Suite (1929); operetta - Bobeli ba rona le ba hau (1924, poso. 1927, Moscow Theater of Musical Buffoonery), Bridegrooms (1926, poso. 1927, Moscow Operetta Theater), Straw Hat (1927, Musical Theatre e reheletsoeng ka VI Nemirovich-Danchenko, Moscow; khatiso ea bobeli 2, Moscow Operetta Theater), Lithipa (1938, Moscow Satire Theater), Premiere Career (1928, Tashkent Operetta Theater), Polar Growths (1929, Moscow Operetta Theater), Million Torments (1929, ibid. ), Golden Valley (1932, ibid.; khatiso ea bobeli 1938, ibid.), Roads to Happiness (2, Leningrad Theater of Musical Comedy), Free Wind (1955, Moscow Operetta Theater), Son of a Clown (lebitso la pele . - The Flying Clown, 1941, ibid ), White Acacia (seletsa sa G. Cherny, kenya nomoro ea ballet "Palmushka" le pina ea Larisa ketsong ea 1947 e ngotsoe ke KB Molchanov lihloohong tsa Dunaevsky; 1960, ibid.); cantatas Re tla tla (1945), Leningrad, re na le uena (1945); mmino bakeng sa lifilimi - Sehlopha sa pele (1933), ea tsoetsoeng habeli (1934), Merry guys (1934), mabone a khauta (1934), metsoalle e meraro (1935), Tsela ea sekepe (1935), Morali oa Motherland (1936), Mor'abo rōna. (1936), Circus (1936), Ngoanana ea Potlakang ka Letsatsi (1936), Bana ba Captain Grant (1936), Ba batlang Thabo (1936), Wind Fair (le BM Bogdanov-Berezovsky, 1936), Beethoven Concerto (1937), Rich Bride (1937), Volga-Volga (1938), Bright way (1940), My love (1940), New house (1946), Spring (1947), Kuban Cossacks (1949), Stadium (1949) , Konsarete ea Mashenka (1949), Re bakeng sa lefats'e (1951), Winged Defense (1953), Substitute (1954), Jolly Stars (1954), Test of Loyalty (1954); lipina, ho kenyeletsa. Far Path (lyrics by EA Dolmatovsky, 1938), Heroes of Khasan (lyrics by VI Lebedev-Kumach, 1939), On the enemy, for the Motherland, forward (lyrics by Lebedev-Kumach, 1941), My Moscow (lyrics and Lisyansky and S. Agranyan, 1942), Military March of the Railway Workers (lyrics by SA Vasiliev, 1944), ke ile ka tloha Berlin (lyrics by LI Oshanin, 1945), Song about Moscow (lyrics by B. Vinnikov, 1946) , Ways -roads (lyrics by S. Ya. Alymov, 1947), Ke 'mè ea tsofetseng oa Rouen (lyrics by G. Rublev, 1949), Pina ea bacha (lyrics by ML Matusovsky, 1951), School waltz (lyrics. Matusovsky , 1952), Waltz Evening (lyrics by Matusovsky, 1953), Moscow Lights (lyrics by Matusovsky, 1954) le ba bang; 'mino oa litšoantšiso tsa litšoantšiso, mananeo a seea-le-moea; mmino wa pop, ho kenyeletsa. tlhahlobo ea jazz ea theatrical Store ea 'Mino (1932), joalo-joalo.