Sekolo sa Roma |
Sekolo sa Roma - bolela litsela tsa pōpo tse qalileng Roma ka makholo a 16-17.
1) R. sh. ka polyphonic. hantle. mmino ke boiqapelo. sekolo, se thehiloeng karolong ea bobeli. Lekholo la bo2 la lilemo le etelletsoeng pele ke Palestrina. Balateli ba hae qalong ea lekholo la bo16 la lilemo e ne e le JM le JB Nanino, F. le JF Anerio, F. Soriano. Bakeng sa R. sh. tšobotsi ke boholo ba mefuta ea moea (cappella in polyphonic presentation) - masses, motets. Baqapi ba Baroma le bona ba ngotse madrigals. Polyphonic setaele sa sekolo (seo ho thoeng ke setaele se thata) se ne se khetholloa ka bohloeki ba sona, melodic e boreleli. mela, consonance, ho lemoha ha harmonic. e qalile ka polyphonic. kopanyo ya mantswe. Ho hana melodi. tokoloho le ho hatisa ho hlalosa maikutlo, ho tloha ho chromaticisms, rhythms e rarahaneng, harmonics. ho satalla, baemeli ba R. sh. tlhahiso e entsoeng. khutso e monate, e nahanang, e khanyang, e tletseng maikutlo a phahameng. Tsena Op. li ile tsa finyella se hlokoang ke likereke tsa K’hatholike nakong ea Khahlano le Phetoho. Ka nako e tšoanang, ba ile ba lokisetsa, hammoho le maqhubu a mang a 'mino oa bolotsana. Lekholong la bo17 la lilemo, phetoho ho tloha polyphony ho ea ho kutloano. Nakong e tlang, R. sh. e senyehile ho ba tataiso ea kereke ea thuto. khwaere. mmino wa cappella mme o lahlehetsoe ke moelelo.
2) R. sh. ka opera, e 'ngoe ea likolo tsa pele tsa opera Italy, e ileng ea hlaha ka 20s le 30s. Lekholong la bo17 la lilemo ho ne ho hlalositsoe mela e 'meli ho eona: opera e ntle haholo ea mofuta oa baroque (e qalang ka opera ea The Chain of Adonis ea D. Mazzocchi, 1626) le metlae ea boitšoaro, e haufi le commedia dell'arte (Let The Suffering Hope by V. Mazzocchi le M. Marazzoli, ka morero oa ho tloha Decameron ke Boccaccio, 1639). Moemeli e moholo oa R. sh. e ne e le k'homphieutha. S. Landi (opera e ntle ka ho fetisisa - "St. Alexei", 1632), ka prod. ho-rogo e kopaneng ho isa boholeng bo itseng ditshekamelo ka bobedi. Lipapali tsa Lundy li kopane e le kannete, esita le tse bohloko. maemo, kreste. boitšoaro, litoro le bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Motsoako o makatsang le ho feta oa Kreste. Boitšoaro le 'nete ea mofuta oa mofuta ke litšoantšiso tsa metlae ea Roma. mofuta. Ka lebaka la nts'etsopele ea lipapali tsa mofuta (mohlala, pono e ntle), likarolo tse ncha tsa 'mino li ile tsa hlaha lipapaling tsena. li-stylistics - li-colloquial, tse nang le tšehetso e nyenyane bakeng sa harpsichord, recitatives (recitativo secco), lipina, lihlopha tsa mefuta-futa. Ka nako e le 'ngoe ho opera ea Roma, karolo ea qaleho e tsosang takatso (pontšo ea maikutlo a makatsang) e ile ea eketseha. L. Vittori ( opera ea boruti Galatea, 1639), M. Rossi ( Erminia, 1637) le eena o ile a hlahella har’a baqapi. Tsoelopele ea 'mino oa opera Roma lekholong la bo17 la lilemo e ile ea etsahala tikolohong e thata 'me haholo-holo e ne e itšetlehile ka botho ba mopapa e mong kapa e mong: operatic t-ru e ne e tšehetsoa (Urban VIII Barberini, Clement IX Rospigliosi), kapa o ile a hlorisoa. (bapapa Innocent X le Innocent XII). Mehaho ea T-ditch e ne e hahiloe kapa e sentsoe. Meetlo R. sh. eaba karolo e 'ngoe ea fallela Venice 'me ea ntlafala hona joale lichabeng tse ling. maemo.
References: Ademollo A., I teatri di Roma nel secolo decimosettimo, Roma, 1888; Goldschmidt H., Lithuto tsa Histori ea Opera ea Italy ka XVII. Century, Vol 1, Lpz., 1901; Rolland R., L'opera kapa XVII siиcle en Italie, в кн.: Encyclopйdie de la musique et dictionnaire du Conservatoire… fondateur A. Lavignac, partie I, (v. 2), P., 1913 (рус. пер. — в кн.: Роллан Р., Опера в XVII в. в Италии, Германии, Англии, М., 1931), Ridder L. de, Kabelo ea Comedia dell'Arte nalaneng ea tšimoloho le nts'etsopele ea metlae opera, Cologne, 1970 (Diss.).
TH Solovieva
