Phatlalatso ea sehlooho |
Phetoho ea sehlooho – countermovement, inversion (Latin inversio, Italian moto contrario, rovescio, riverso, rivoltato, French reversement, German die Umkehrung, die Gegenbewegung) - polyphonic. mokhoa oa ho fetola sehlooho, se kenyeletsang ho bapala likhaohano tsa sona ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng le molumo o itseng o sa fetoheng: motsamao o eang holimo oa sehlooho motsamaong oa oona o moholo (ho ea pele) (lat. motus rectus) motsamaong o furallang (lat. contrarius) e tsamaisana le ho theoha ka nako e le 'ngoe (le ka tsela e fapaneng). Molumo o sa fetoheng o tloaelehileng ho sehlooho mefuteng e meholo le e sothehileng o bitsoa axis of reversal; ha e le hantle, sethala sefe kapa sefe se ka sebetsa joalo ka sona. Tsamaisong e kholo-e nyane ea tonal, e le ho boloka ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ea likhetho ka bobeli, degree ea boraro hangata e sebetsa e le axis ea potoloho; ka mokhoa o thata (14-16 lekholong la lilemo) ka mokhoa oa eona oa tlhaho oa diatonic. Hangata reversal reversal e etsoa ho pota karolo ea boraro ea triad e fokotsehileng, e netefatsang boemo bo tšoanang ba melumo ea tritone:
JS Bach. The Art of the Fugue, Counterpoint XIII.
Palestrina. 'Misa oa Canonical, Benedictus.
Lihloohong tse nang le chroma. O. motsamao oa t. e etsoa ka tsela eo, haeba ho khoneha, boleng ba boleng ba linako bo bolokiloe - sena se tiisa ho tšoana ho hoholo ha maikutlo a motsamao o tsosolositsoeng le o tobileng:
JS Bach. Clavier ea Halefileng, Buka ea 1, Fugue fis-moll.
Theknoloji. bonolo le bonono. Katleho ea ho nchafatsa sehlooho ka ho potoloha ho ile ha khetholla tšebeliso ea khafetsa le e fapaneng ea mokhoa ona, haholo mesebetsing ea monothematic. Ho na le mefuta ea fugue e nang le karabo e sothehileng (Gegen-Fuge ea Jeremane - bona JS Bach, The Art of the Fugue, No 5, 6, 7) le canon e nang le rispost e sothehileng (WA Mozart, c-moll quintet, minuet); boipiletso bo sebelisoa ka mahlakoreng a fugue (Bach, The Well-Tempered Clavier, vol. 1, fugue in c-moll); sehlooho se potolohang se ka fana ka stretta e nang le sehlooho se tsamaeang ka ho toba (Mozart, fugue in g-moll, K.-V. 401); ka linako tse ling li kopana feela (Mozart, fugue c-moll, K.-V., 426). Hangata likarolo tse kholo tsa liqapi li thehiloe ho O. t. (Bach, The Well-Tempered Clavier; vol. 1, fugue G-dur, counter-exposition; karolo ea 2 ea gigue) esita le mefuta eohle (Bach, The Art of Fugue, No 12 , 13; RK Shchedrin, Polyphonic Notebook , No 7, 9). Motsoako oa O. t. ka mekhoa e meng ea phetoho e atile haholo 'mino oa lekholong la bo20 la lilemo. (P. Hindemith, "Ludus tonalis", cf. prelude le postlude), haholo-holo, e ngotsoeng ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa serial (JF Stravinsky, "Agon", Simple branle). E le mokhoa oa ho fapanyetsana le nts'etsopele, boipiletso bo sebelisoa ho se nang polyphonic. 'mino (SS Prokofiev, "Juliet-girl" ho tloha ballet "Romeo le Juliet"), hangata hammoho le sehlooho ka motsamao o tobileng (PI Tchaikovsky, 6th symphony, karolo ea 2, vol. 17- 24; SS Prokofiev, 4th sonata , karolo ea 2, likhaolo 25-28).
References: Zolotarev VA, Fuga. Tataiso ea ho ithuta ka mokhoa o sebetsang, M., 1932, 1965, karolo ea 13, Skrebkov SS, tlhahlobo ea Polyphonic, M. - L., 1940, karolo ea 1, § 4; ea hae, Buka ea libuka ea polyphony, likarolo 1-2, M. - L., 1951, M., 1965, § 11; Taneev SI, Movable counterpoint ea ho ngola ka thata, M., 1959, leq. 7-14; Bogatyrev SS, Reversible counterpoint, M., 1960; Grigoriev SS, Muller TF, Buka ea libuka tsa polyphony, M., 1961, 1969, § 44; Dmitriev AN, Polyphony e le ntlha ea ho bōpa, L., 1962, ch. 3; Yu. N. Tyulin, The Art of Counterpoint, M., 1964, k. 3.
VP Frayonov
