Vytautas Prano Barkauskas (Vytautas Barkauskas) |
Sebaka sa Barkauskas
E mong oa benghali ba ka sehloohong ba setso sa mehleng ea 'mino Lithuania, V. Barkauskas, ke oa moloko oa baqapi ba Lithuania ba ileng ba itsebahatsa lilemong tsa bo-60. e le "batloli ba likhathatso", ho fetohela setšoantšong se secha, puo e ncha, ka linako tse ling e nyarosang ea avant-garde. Ho tloha mehatong ea pele, Barkauskas e ile ea e-ba e mong oa baeta-pele ba bacha, empa mesebetsing ea hae ea pele ha ho mohla e kileng ea behoa, empa o ile a sebetsa haufi-ufi le setso, a mamela ka ho feletseng moralo oa bonono. Nakong eohle ea mosebetsi oa hae oa ho bōpa, mokhoa oa Barkauskas o ile oa fetoha ka mokhoa o feto-fetohang - li-accents tsa mofuta le mekhoa e fetohile, empa likarolo tsa motheo li ile tsa lula li sa fetohe - litaba tse tebileng, botsebi bo phahameng, ho kopana ho matla ha maikutlo le kelello.
Lefa la moqapi le kenyelletsa hoo e batlang e le mefuta eohle ea mefuta: sethala (opera The Legend of Love, the choreographic stage Conflict), 'mino oa symphonic le oa kamore (ho kenyeletsoa li-symphonies tse 5, Three Aspects triptych, 3 concertos, Monologue for oboe solo, Partita for solo violin, Li-sonata tsa violin tse 3, li-quartet tsa likhoele tse 2, Quintet le Sextet bakeng sa likhoele tse nang le piano), libini, li-cantata le li-oratorio, mantsoe a mantsoe (moleng oa P. Eluard, N. Kuchak, V. Palchinskaite), lipina tsa organ le piano (ho kenyeletsoa 4, 6 le matsoho a 8), 'mino oa theatre le cinema. Barkauskas e ela hloko haholo repertoire ea bana.
Lithuto tsa pele tsa 'mino li ile tsa qala lapeng, joale - lefapheng la piano la sekolo sa' mino. Y. Tallat-Kyalpshi e Vilnius. Leha ho le joalo, moqapi ha aa ka a fumana mosebetsi oa hae hang-hang, o ile a fumana mosebetsi oa hae oa pele Lefapheng la Fisiks le Mathematics ea Vilnius Pedagogical Institute (1953). Ke feela ka mor'a moo Barkauskas a ileng a etsa qeto ea ho inehela ka ho feletseng 'mino - ka 1959 o ile a fumana lengolo la Vilnius Conservatory sehlopheng sa moqapi le mosuoe ea ikhethang A. Raciunas.
Lilemong tse leshome tsa pele tsa pōpo, 'mino oa Barkauskas o ne o tsebahala haholo ka moea oa liteko, tšebeliso ea mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho qapa (atonalism, dodecaphony, sonoristics, aleatorics).
Sena se ile sa senoloa ka ho hlaka mofuteng o ka sehloohong oa 60s. - ka 'mino oa kamore, moo, hammoho le mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho qapa, litloaelo tsa neoclassical tsa nako ena ea' mino oa Soviet (mohaho o hlakileng, pepeneneng ea nehelano, matla a khoheli mabapi le polyphony) le tsona li ile tsa sebelisoa ka mokhoa o khahlisang. E haufi haholo le benghali ba nakong e fetileng ho Barkauskas e ne e le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea konsarete - mofuta oa ho bapala ka li-timbres, matla, mekhoa ea virtuoso, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lihlooho. Tsena ke Concertino ea hae bakeng sa lihlopha tse 'nè tsa likamore (1964), "Bapisa 'mino" bakeng sa flute, cello le percussion (1968), "Intimate composition" bakeng sa oboe le likhoele tse 12 (1968), tseo e leng tsa tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tse entsoeng ke moqapi. 'Me hamorao, Barkauskas ha aa ka a arohana le mofuta oa konsarete (Concertos for organ "Gloria urbi" - 1972; flutes le oboes le orchestra - 1978; Lithuto tse tharo tsa lipina tsa piano - 1981).
Haholo-holo ea bohlokoa ke Concerto for viola and chamber orchestra (1981), mosebetsi oa bohlokoahali o akaretsang liphuputso tsa nakong e fetileng mme o totobatsa qaleho ea maikutlo, ea lerato, e matlafatsang mosebetsi oa moqapi ha nako e ntse e ea. Ka nako e ts'oanang, puo e fetoha e fumanehang haholoanyane le e hlakileng, boleng ba pele ba litšoantšo bo se bo ntse bo kopanngoa le molumo o mebala-bala. Likarolo tsena kaofela li paka takatso ea kamehla ea Barkauskas ho kopanya mekhoa e hlakileng, ho tebisa litaba. Le mehleng ea pele, moqapi o ile a fetohela ho lihlooho tsa sechaba, tse bohlokoa ka kakaretso - thothokisong ea cantata "Lentsoe la Phetohelo" (ka st. A. Drilinga - 1967), potolohong ea "Promemoria" bakeng sa liphala tse peli, bass clarinet, piano, harpsichord le percussion (1970), moo a amang sehlooho sa sesole ka lekhetlo la pele. Hamorao, Barkauskas o ile a khutlela ho eona khafetsa, a fa mohopolo oa hae o tsotehang sebopeho se seholo sa symphonic - ho li-symphonies tsa bone (1984) le Fifth (1986).
Joalo ka baqapi ba bang ba bangata ba Lithuania, Barkauskas o thahasella ka ho teba setso sa habo, a kopanya puo ea eona le mokhoa oa sejoale-joale oa ho itlhalosa ka tsela e ikhethang. E 'ngoe ea mehlala e khahlisang haholo ea motsoako o joalo ke symphonic triptych Three Aspects (1969).
Ka mor'a ho qeta sekolong sa Conservatory, hammoho le mosebetsi oa Barkauskas, o kopanela mesebetsing ea thuto le ea ho ruta - o sebetsa Vilnius Music College. J. Tallat-Kelpsy, Republican House of Folk Art, o ruta khopolo (ho tloha 1961) le ho qaptjoa (ho tloha 1988) Setsing sa Conservatory sa Lithuania. Moqapi ha a tsejoe feela lapeng, empa hape le linaheng tse ling. Ha a hlalosa khopolo ea e ’ngoe ea lipina tsa hae tsa morao-rao, Barkauskas o ile a ngola: “Ke ne ke nahana ka Motho le qetello ea hae.” Qetellong, sehlooho sena se ile sa etsa qeto ea ho batla sebini sa Lithuanian.
G. Zhdanova
